| BROOMHOLM 6349 3331.
Augustian priory of St Andrew was founded here in the late twelfth
century (Medieval Religious Houses, pp. 96–8). In the
1334 Lay Subsidy, Broomholm was assessed with Bacton and Keswick,
which were together valued at £133.25 (Glasscock, p.
202). |
| M | (Letter Close)
Mon; mercatum, gr 21 Oct 1225, by K Hen III to M of
Bromholm [Broomholm priory]. To be held at the manor until the
king came of age (RLC, ii, p. 67). K Hen III granted a
Mon market to P and M of St Andrew, Bromholm on 14 Feb 1229
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 91). Mandate to the sh of
Norfolk to read the charter in full session of the county
court, to proclaim the market and cause it to be held, 15 Feb
1229 (CR, 1227–31, p. 153). |
| F | (Letter Close)
vfm, Exaltation of Holy Cross (14 Sept); feria gr 6 Apr
1226, by K Hen III to P and M of Bromholm [Broomholm priory].
To be held until the king came of age (RLC, ii, p.
105). On 14 Feb 1229, K Hen III granted P and M of St Andrew,
Bromholm a fair on f+2 Exaltation of Holy Cross (CChR,
1226–57, p. 91). Mandate to the sh of Norfolk to read the
charter in full session of the county court, to proclaim the
fair and cause it to be held, 15 Feb 1229 (CR,
1227–31, p. 153). |
| CAWSTON 6133 3238. 1334 Subsidy £120.
Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). ). Cawston
had a complex manorial structure and from the late twelfth century was usually
held with Aylsham and Burgh next Aylsham; in 1201 Hubert de Burgh acquired
it; in 1272 Hubert's son John de Burgo appears to have given it to King
Edward I, who in 1274 assigned it to Queen Eleanor; after her death it remained
in royal hands for a number of years (F. Blomefield and C. Parkin, An
Essay towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk, vi (London,
1807), pp. 254-7, 269, 427).
|
| M |
(Prescriptive) According to Dymond, there was a market here
in 1263 (D. Dymond, ‘Medieval and later markets’, in P. Wade-
Martins ed., An Historical Atlas of Norfolk (Norwich, 1993), pp.
76–7). In January 1274, following the death of John
de Burgo (son of Hubert de Burgh), it was recorded that three years earlier
John had leased the market and mills at Cawston to Master John de Brideport
(CIPM iv, no. 82 and PRO, C133/7/5). The right to this market may
have originated with that at Burgh next Aylsham
(q.v.) or the market may have been established when the manor was
in royal hands. |
| F |
(Prescriptive) vfm, Agnes (21 Jan); recorded ante
12 Sept 1264, held by John de Burgo (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 49).
Like his ancestors, John de Burgo had held a fair at the manor on the vfm
of Agnes. On 12 Sept 1264, K Hen III granted John and his heirs an extension
of fair to the six days following. In January 1274 the
fair was said to be worth 10s. a year (PRO, C133/7/5). |
| CREAKE ABBEY 5856
3395. On 8 May 1229, K Hen III granted to the Ca of the ch of St
Mary de Pratis (Creake abbey), the gift made to them by Alice,
daughter of John Picard, late the wife of Robert de Nereford, of
all the land which her father and herself had in the towns and
fields of Creake and Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk (q.v.) with all appurtenances
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 95). It is probable that the
appurtenances included the fair(s) which Alice was
holding. |
| F | (Letter Close)
vf, Annunciation of Mary (25 Mar); feria gr 24 Feb
1226, by K Hen III to Alice de Nerford. To be held at the
hospital of the Blessed Mary at Lingerscroft until the king
came of age (RLC, ii, p. 100). On 23 May 1226, K Hen
III granted Alice, who was the wife of Robert de Nereford,
that the fair would be held on vf Trans of Thomas the Martyr
(7 Jul) (RLC, ii, p. 116). However, on 24 Mar 1227, K
Hen III granted the brethren of the hospital of St Mary de
Prato at Lingerescroft a fair on vf Annunciation (CChR,
1226–57, p. 26). Order to the sh of Norfolk to establish
the fair, 29 May 1227 (RLC, ii, p. 187). On 12 Jun
1285, K Edw I confirmed the fair to the A and C de Prato
(CChR, 1257–1300, p. 319). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Trans of Thomas the Martyr (7 Jul); gr 24 Mar 1227, by K Hen
III to brethren of the hospital of St Mary de Prato at
Lingerescroft (CChR, 1226–57, p. 26). It is
possible that a fair on Trans of Thomas the Martyr had been
held the previous year, see above. Order to the sh of Norfolk
to establish the fair, 29 May 1227 (RLC, ii, p. 187).
On 12 Jun 1285, K Edw I confirmed the fair to the A and C de
Prato (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 319). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Bartholomew (24 Aug); gr 24 Mar 1227, by K Hen III to brethren
of the hospital of St Mary de Prato at Lingerescroft
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 26). Order to the sh of Norfolk
to establish the fair, 29 May 1227 (RLC, ii, p. 187).
On 12 Jun 1285, K Edw I confirmed the fair to the A and C de
Prato (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 319). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Nicholas (6 Dec); gr 24 Mar 1227, by K Hen III to the brethren
of the hospital of St Mary de Prato at Lingerescroft
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 26). Order to the sh of Norfolk
to make the fair, 29 May 1227 (RLC, ii, p. 187).
Charter confirmed by K Edw I on 12 Jun 1285 to A and C de
Prato (CChR, 1257–1300, p.
319). |
| DOWNHAM MARKET 5613
3033. 1334 Subsidy £100.50. According to Dymond, the market
existed by 1050 and possibly much earlier (D. Dymond, The
Norfolk Landscape (London, 1985), p. 156). On 30 Jun 1178,
Pope Alexander III prohibited the establishment of any new markets
in the hundred and a half of Clacklose, Norfolk, in which Downham
Market was situated (W.H. Hart and Rev P.A. Lyons eds.,
Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (London, 1886), ii, p.
137). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). |
| M | (Grant: other)
gr 1129, by K Hen I to Rainald A of Ramsey and his M
(Regesta, ii, no. 1585). A supposed grant of the market
to Ramsey abbey by K Edw the Confessor is almost certainly a
post-Conquest confection, possibly put together after K
Hen’s grant of 1129 (F.E. Harmer, Anglo-Saxon
Writs (Manchester, 1952), no. 61 and pp. 249–52,
476–7; W.H. Hart and Rev P.A. Lyons eds., Cartularium
Monasterii de Rameseia (London, 1884), i, p. 220). A
spurious charter of K Hen I, dated 1109x11 or 1115x23,
confirms to St Benedict of Ramsey and A Aldwin and the M their
liberties in the market of Downham, which pertained to
Wimbotsham, as the charters of the king’s predecessors
testified (Regesta, ii, no. 1411). Another spurious
charter refers to a market at Downham ‘which belongs to
Wimbotsham’ (Regesta 1066–87, no. 220). On 26
Apr 1139, Pope Innocent II confirmed the market to A Guaterus
of the monastery of St Benedict at Rameseia [Ramsey abbey]. He
issued another confirmation on 27 Jan 1140 (W.H. Hart and Rev
P.A. Lyons eds., Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia
(London, 1886), ii, pp. 143, 155). On 22 Oct 1200, K John
confirmed the market at Downham to the A of Rames’
(RCh, p. 76). |
| FAKENHAM 5919 3297.
1334 Subsidy £91. The priory of St Stephen was founded as a
hospital in the time of K Hen I, at Hempton; it was also known as
Fakenham (Medieval Religious Houses, p. 159) In or soon
after 1241, K Hen III granted Fakenham (which he had recently
recovered from the earl of Arundel) to his mother in law, Beatrice
countess of Provence, either for life or at the king’s
pleasure. Beatrice evidently held the manor in 1244. It passed to
Beatrice’s daughter, Qu Eleanor [of Provence] either in 1265,
when Beatrice died, or sooner. On 24 Dec 1279, K Edw I confirmed
Qu Eleanor’s grant of Fakenham to Guy Ferre and his wife
Joan. After their death it was to revert to Eleanor, or to the
Crown (M. Howell, Eleanor of Provence (Oxford, 1998), pp.
292–3; C. Parkin, A History of Norfolk, vii (London,
1807), p. 93; CRR, xvi, nos 1395, 1626; RH, i, pp.
454, 520; CPR, 1272–81, p. 355; E.L. Cox, The
Eagles of Savoy (Princeton, 1974), pp. 118–20). Market
town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). |
| M | (Grant: other)
gr ante 28 May 1286, by Qu Eleanor [of Provence] the
king’s mother to Guy Ferre. On 28 May 1286, the justices
in eyre were ordered to cause the market to be replevied
(restored following confiscation) to Guy Ferre until the
quinzaine of Michaelmas next. Guy had been granted the market
by Qu Eleanor the king’s mother and it had been confirmed
to him by the king. The market had been taken into the
king’s hands after the commencement of the eyre because
it was held contrary to the inhibition of markets by the
justices (CCR, 1279–88, p. 396). It is not clear
when Qu Eleanor granted the market to Guy, but it could have
been at the same time as she granted him the manor. The market
may have been established earlier. |
| F | (Charter) Tues
in Pentecost week (Easter dep); feria gr 23 Dec 1201,
by K John to brothers of the hospital of St Stephen next to
the causeway of Fakenham [Hempton priory] (RCh, p. 84).
In 1200, the archdeacon of Worcester owed one palfrey for
having a fair [at the] hospital of St Stephen next to the
causeway of Fakenham (PR, 2 John, p. 148). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); gr 20 Mar 1244, by K Hen III to
Beatrice, countess of Provence, the king’s mother [in
law] (CChR, 1226–57, p.
277). |
| GREAT MASSINGHAM 5799
3230. 1334 Subsidy £180. |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
gr 10 Jun 1334, by K Edw III to John de Norwyz, kn. To be held
at the manor (CChR, 1327–41, p. 308). On 9 Feb
1384, K Ric II granted John Daventre, sometime rector of Brom,
Walter Barkere, vicar of Kymberle, John Cranhous, Edmund
Lakenhege and Richard Nooth the markets, the days of which
were not given (CCR, 1381–5, p. 560). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Simon and Jude the Apostles (28 Oct); gr 10 Jun 1334, by K Edw
III to John de Norwyz, kn. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1327–41, p. 308). On 9 Feb 1384, K Ric II
granted John Daventre, sometime rector of Brom, Walter
Barkere, vicar of Kymberle, John Cranhous, Edmund Lakenhege
and Richard Nooth the fairs, the feasts of which were not
given (CCR, 1381–5, p. 560). |
| GREAT YARMOUTH 6529
3076. Borough 1066 (BF, p. 139; Darby, p. 366). 1334 Subsidy
£1000. A town with at least 70 burgesses in 1066. It was already a
specialised fishing centre, with 24 fishermen in 1086 and
salthouses nearby (Alecto Historical Editions, Little Domesday Book:
Norfolk (London, 2000), f. 118; Alecto Historical Editions,
Little Domesday Book: Suffolk (London, 2000), f. 283). The
town’s herring fair probably originated in this period and
had become very important by the 1230s. Men from the Cinque Ports
were active at Yarmouth before 1100 and established rights of
juristriction over the herring fair. The men of Hastings had
rights and property at Yarmouth by 1158 and a court there by 1215.
K Hen III confirmed the laws of Great Yarmouth on 26 Oct 1272
(CChR, 1257–1300, p. 185; A. Saul, ‘Great
Yarmouth in the Fourteenth Century: a study in trade, politics and
society’ (Oxford DPhil thesis, 1975), pp. 146–50; K.M.E.
Murray, The Constitutional History of the Cinque Ports
(Manchester, 1935), pp. 6, 18, 146–59, 232). See also Lothingland, Suffolk (q.v.).
Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). |
| M | (Prescriptive:
borough) No further information for the market. |
| F | (Prescriptive)
feria recorded 23 Oct 1208 (RLP, i, p. 87). A
fair was mentioned in 1210; the feast was not given
(CRR, vi, p. 90). Fair of Andrew (30 Nov) mentioned in
1220 (CRR, ix, p. 124). Fair noted in 1213, 1214, 1223,
1226, 1228, 1229 and 1241; the feast was not given
(RLC, i, pp. 136, 206b; CRR, xi, no. 1260;
CRR, xii, no. 1697; CRR, xiii, nos. 472, 1419;
CRR, xvi, no. 1734). Fair at Great Yarmouth recorded on
1 Oct 1316 (CCR, 1313–18, p. 367). This was the
herring fair which extended from Michaelmas (29 Sept) to
Martinmas (11 Nov) or later and was a major international
event during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The
Barons of the Cinque Ports controlled the fair. They shared
their power to some degree with the men of Yarmouth, who
increased their control from 1277 onwards (A. Saul,
‘Great Yarmouth in the Fourteenth Century: a study in
trade, politics and society’ (Oxford DPhil thesis, 1975),
pp. 146–50, 331–2; K.M.E. Murray, The
Constitutional History of the Cinque Ports (Manchester,
1935), pp. 18–19). |
| HOLKHAM
5878. 3435. 1334 Subsidy £142.50. Holkham had a complex manorial structure.
The market and fair were associated with Hillhall in Holkham, which in 1279–80
Ralph de Tony was said to hold of the king in chief; in 1338 it was reported
that John de Akeny had held Hillhall of the heirs of Robert de Tony (W.
Hassall and J. Beauroy, eds., Lordship and Landscape in Norfolk, 1250–1350
(British Academy, Oxford, Records of Social and Economic History, new series
20, 1993), pp. 216, 292).
|
|
M |
(Charter) Tues; gr 20 Mar 1267, by K Hen
III to Baldwin de Akeny (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 74). To be held
at the manor (Hocham, for Holcham). By 1338 John de Akeney
had granted Hillhall and its market to Thomas de Lacy; the market produced
12d. from tolls in 1349–50 and 5d. in 1351–2 (W. Hassall and J.
Beauroy, eds., Lordship and Landscape in Norfolk, 1250–1350
(British Academy, Oxford, Records of Social and Economic History, new series
20, 1993), pp. 292, 295-6, 298). [This market was previously ascribed to
HOCKHAM] |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Decollation of John the
Baptist (29 Aug); gr 20 Mar 1267, by K Hen III to Baldwin de Akeny (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 74). To be held at the manor. The fair produced 5.25d.
from tolls in 1349-50 (W. Hassall and J. Beauroy, eds., Lordship and
Landscape in Norfolk, 1250–1350 (British Academy, Oxford, Records
of social and Economic History, new series 20, 1993), pp. 295-6). [This
fair was previously ascribed to HOCKHAM] |
| HORNING 6355 3166. 1334
Subsidy £39. Also known as Horning Ferry and as Grabbard’s Ferry in
the medieval period. Site of a hospital dependant on St Benet of Hulme
abbey (Medieval Religious Houses, p. 323). |
| M |
(Charter) Tues; gr 15 Nov 1246, by K Hen III to Robert, the A and the M
of St Bennet Hulme (CChR, 1226–57, p. 309). |
| F |
(Prescriptive) feria recorded 24 Jun 1245, held by A and C of St
Bennet of Hulme. Mandate to the sh of Norfolk to proclaim the fair and
cause it to be established. The fair had been previously held near the
abbey of St Benet’s Holme, Norfolk (q.v.),
but was moved to Horning (CR, 1242–7, p. 318). On 15 Nov 1246,
K Hen III granted Robert, the A and the M of St Bennet Hulme that the fair
on vf Benedict (21 Mar) which was previously held near to the abbey, could
be moved to this place (CChR, 1226–57, p. 309). Fair, the
feast of which was not given, held by A of St Benet of Hulme in
1274–5 (RH, i, p. 533b). |
| F | (Prescriptive)
feria recorded 15 Nov 1246, held by A and C of St Bennet of Hulme.
Mandate to the sh of Norfolk to proclaim the fair and cause it to be
established. The fair was previously held near to the abbey of St Benet at
Holme, Norfolk (q.v.), but was moved to Horning
(CR, 1242–7, p. 318). On 15 Nov 1246, K Hen III granted
Robert, the A and the M of St Bennet Hulme that the fair on vf James (25
Jul) which was previously held near to the abbey, could be moved to this
place (CChR, 1226–57, p. 309). Fair, the feast of which was
not given, held by A of St Benet of Hulme in 1274–5 (RH, i, p.
533b). |
| KING’S LYNN 5617
3198. Borough 1204 (BF, p. 139). 1334 Subsidy £500. Lynn probably
grew up on areas of new land raised out of the estuary of the
Great Ouse by the activities of salters, between the inlets of
Millfleet and Purfleet. During the twelfth century it expanded
rapidly as a trading centre and by the early thirteenth was one of
the principal ports of England. King’s Lynn was incorporated
in 1524 (D.M. Owen, The Making of King’s Lynn, Records
of Social and Economic History, ns ix (London, 1984), pp.
6–9; BF, p. 140; CPR, 1476–85, p. 131).
Bishop’s Lenn was held by the bp of Norwich. Market town
c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). Fair 1587, 2 Feb (Harrison, p.
392). See also D.M. Owen, The Making of King’s Lynn,
Records of Social and Economic History, ns ix (London,
1984). |
| M | (Prescriptive:
borough) Sat; recorded 1101x19, mercatum, held by M of
Holy Trinity, Norwich [Norwich cathedral priory].
Bishop’s Lynn on Gaywood marsh was probably an early site
of trade after the Norman conquest; a ch dedicated to SS
Margaret and Mary Magdalen was established here and granted to
the M of Norwich cathedral priory. In 1101x19, Herbert, bp of
Norwich granted the M of Norwich cathedral priory the Sat
market which was held in the new parish created by the bp on
Gaywood marsh. In 1107x09, K Hen I granted William de Albini,
the king’s butler, half of the market of Lynn. Owen has
suggested that in return, William de Albini may have
surrendered his right in a rival market at Wootton marsh (D.M.
Owen, The Making of King’s Lynn, Records of Social
and Economic History, ns ix (London, 1984), nos. 2, 69, pp.
6–9). A fourteenth century exemplification of this
charter states that it was made by K Hen I, just as K Wil II
had granted it (Regesta, ii, no. 911). Post–1109,
a charter of William d’Albini, earl, mentions toll here
and ‘in all my demesnes and vills where a market is known
to be held’ (D.M. Owen, The Making of King’s
Lynn, Records of Social and Economic History, ns ix
(London, 1984), no. 71). In 1129x33, K Hen I confirmed the
market and port of Lynn to Bp Everard of Norwich as fully as
his predecessors had held it under K Wil I and K Wil II
(Regesta, ii, no. 1853). Owen has suggested that this
may relate to a second market, founded by the bp in the
Newland area. It may be early evidence for the later Tues
market (D.M. Owen, The Making of King’s Lynn,
Records of Social and Economic History, ns ix (London, 1984),
p. 11). This market was held near St Margaret’s
priory. |
| M | (Prescriptive:
borough) Tues; recorded 1222–23. The Tues market
developed in the Newland area. It is possible that the
confirmation of K Hen I of the market and port of Lynn to Bp
Everard of Norwich in 1129x33 is early evidence for this Tues
market (D.M. Owen, The Making of King’s Lynn,
Records of Social and Economic History, ns ix (London, 1984),
p. 11). Beresford dates the establishment of this second
market to 1146–74 (Beresford, pp. 467–8). On 9 May
1394, May late the wife of John de Roos of Hamelake, kn, was
granted a share of the Tues market in dower (CCR,
1392–96, p. 212). This market was held in the
‘Tuesday market place’, the main market place of
King’s Lynn. |
| F | (Prescriptive)
Margaret (20 Jul); feria recorded 1101x19, held by M of
Holy Trinity, Norwich [Norwich cathedral priory].
Bishop’s Lynn on Gaywood marsh was probably an early site
of trade after the Norman conquest; a ch dedicated to SS
Margaret and Mary Magdalen was established here and granted to
the M of Norwich cathedral priory. In 1101x19, Herbert, bp of
Norwich, granted the M of Norwich cathedral priory the fair on
the feast of Margaret which was held in the new parish created
by the bp on Gaywood marsh (D.M. Owen, The Making of
King’s Lynn, Records of Social and Economic History,
ns ix (London, 1984), no. 2, pp. 6–9). In 1106, K Hen I
granted a three day fair on Margaret to the ch of Norwich, Bp
Herbert and the M (Regesta, ii, no. 762). This was
confirmed in 1136 by K Steph (Regesta, iii, no. 616).
Fair (nundine) mentioned in 1200 (PR, 2 John, p.
89). On 8 Jan 1202, K John granted John bp of Norwich a fair
on 7+f+7 Margaret (20 Jul) (B. Dodwell ed., The Charters of Norwich
Cathedral Priory, i, Pipe Roll Society (London, 1974), no. 82, p. 47).
Fair mentioned in 1220 (CRR, viii, p.
287). The fair was confirmed by K Hen III on 10 May 1232
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 153). Fair mentioned in 1241,
1242 (CRR, xvi, no. 1398; CRR, xvii, no. 675).
On 4 Oct 1283, K Edw I granted William, bp of Norwich a fair
on v+15 Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug) in lieu of that held on v+15
Margaret (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 270). On 20 Jun
1316, K Edw II granted that although the fair had not been
used since the granting of the charter, J. bp of Norwich could
in future have the fair (CChR, 1300–26, p.
312). |
| F | (Charter) f+15,
Trans of Nicholas (9 May); feria gr 10 Jul 1203, by K
John to John bp of Norwich. The customs of the fair were to be
shared between the bp and his heirs and William, earl of
Arundel and his heirs (RCh, pp. 108b–109). Fair on
feast of Nicholas recorded on 14 Sept 1204 (D.M. Owen, The
Making of King’s Lynn, Records of Social and Economic
History, ns ix (London, 1984), p. 35). |
| F | (Letter Patent)
f+40, Hilary (13 Jan); gr 19 Dec 1478, by K Edw IV to James
Goldewell, bp of Norwich. To be held at the town of Bishop’s Lenn
(CPR, 1476–85, p. 131). |
| F
| (Letter Patent) 1 Jun+40; gr 19 Dec 1478, by K Edw IV
to James Goldewell, bp of Norwich. To be held at the town of
Bishop’s Lenn (CPR, 1476–85, p. 131). |
|
A fair, the feast of which was not specified, was noted in 1213,
1214, 1215, 1216, 1218, 1221, 1222, 1225, 1226 (RLC, i, pp.
136, 206b, 217, 365b, 464b, 508b; RLC, ii, pp. 54, 116b;
LP, i, p. 198). |
| LITTLE WALSINGHAM
5934 3365. 1334 Subsidy £100.50. |
| M | (Letter Close)
Fri; mercatum, gr 4 Apr 1226, by K Hen III to P of
Walsingham (RLC, ii, p. 105). To be held until the king
came of age. |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
gr 11 Feb 1252, by K Hen III to William de Clare (CChR,
1226–57, p. 377). To be held at the manor. |
| M | (Charter) Mon,
gr 24 Sept 1257, by K Hen III to William de Clara
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 475). To be held at the
manor. |
| F | (Letter Close)
vf, Invention of Holy Cross (3 May); feria gr 4 Apr
1226, by K Hen III to P of Walsingham (RLC, ii, p.
105). To be held until the king came of age. |
| F | (Charter) vf+6,
Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 25 Mar 1251, by K Hen III to P
and C of Walsingham (CChR, 1226–57, p. 354). To be
held at the manor. In return, the P and C were to provide a
wax candle weighing two pounds continually burning before the
great altar of the ch of St Mary, Walsingham. The P and C of
Walsingham quitclaimed the fair to William de Clare. On 11 Feb
1252, K Hen III granted the fair to William de Clare
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 377). |
| NEW BUCKENHAM 6088
2906. Borough c.1146–56 (Beresford, p. 467). 1334
Subsidy £92.25. Between c.1146 and his death in 1176, William
d'Aubigny established this new settlement of a castle and a borough,
two miles from his existing castle and settlement at Old
Buckenham. The market place was on the eastern side of the
borough. The ch of St Martin was founded later by Robert de
Tateshale (Beresford, p. 467). Market town c.1600 (Everitt,
p. 474). |
| M | (Prescriptive:
borough) Thurs, Sat; recorded 1274–5, forum, held
by Robert de Tateshale (RH, i, p. 471). On 8 Sept 1298,
a market, the day of which was not given, was held by Robet de
Tateshale the elder (CIPM, iii, no. 476). On 22 Nov
1306, Joan, late the wife of Robert, son and heir of Robert de
Tateshal was awarded a moiety of the market as part of her
dower (CCR, 1302–7, p. 475). On 18 Apr 1308, a
fourth of the market was delivered to Thomas de Caylly; this
fourth part was worth 5s. per annum. An eighth of the
market, worth 2s. 6d. per annum, was delivered
to Joan de Driby. The day of the market was not recorded
(CCR, 1307–13, pp. 58–9). |
| F | (Prescriptive)
nundinae recorded 1274–5, held by Robert de
Tateshale (RH, i, p. 471). |
| F | (Prescriptive)
Martin (11 Nov); feria recorded 8 Sept 1298, held by
Robert de Tateshale the elder (CIPM, iii, no. 476). This may have
been the same fair as that recorded in 1274–5.
|
|
Beresford refers to a market and fairs, but provides no details
(Beresford, p. 476). On 18 Apr 1306, an eighth of a fair, worth
2s. 6d. per annum, was delivered to Joan de Driby.
The feast of the fair was not given (CCR, 1307–13, pp.
58–9). |
| NORWICH 6237 3087.
Borough 1004 (BF, p. 140). Mint 924–1154; Viking coins before
924. 1334 Subsidy £946. Norwich seems to have become a place of
significance in the early tenth century and was a mint from the
reign of K Aethelstan, but there is evidence for earlier scattered
settlement. The town was large and prosperous by 1066. A castle
was built before 1075 and the cathedral, transferred from Thetford, Norfolk (q.v.), was imposed on
what was probably a densely built up area about 1095. These
operations resulted in a substantial reshaping of Norwich and the
creation of new market places (J. Campbell, ‘Norwich’,
in M.D. Lobel ed, The Atlas of Historic Towns, ii (London,
1975); B. Ayers, Norwich (London, 1994)). Charter of 4 Dec
1306 mentions wholesale trading in several streets of Norwich, and
selling small things in front of the priory ch on Sundays
(CChR, 1300–26, p. 73). On 12 Feb 1462, K Edw IV granted the
citizens and commonalty of Norwich that no market would be granted by the king within a circuit of five leagues of the city (CChR, 1427–1516, p. 148). Market town c.1600
(Everitt, p. 474). |
| M
| (Prescriptive: borough, mint) recorded 1100x01,
forum, held by K Hen I (Regesta, ii, no. 555;
see discussion in Regesta, 1066–87, no. 155). On 4
Sept [1199x1216], K John confirmed to the hospital of St Paul
of Norwich the charters of K Hen I and K Hen II and ordered
that the bailiffs of Norwich were not to disturb the tenants
of the hospital in the marketplace (forum) of Norwich.
K Hen III conf the charter on 7 May 1232 (CChR,
1226–57, p. 152). |
| F | (Prescriptive)
Pentecost (Easter dep); feria recorded c.1106,
held by ch of Norwich, Bp Herbert and the M (Regesta,
ii, no. 762). K Hen I granted an extension of the fairs
(feriarum) from sunrise on the eve of Pentecost to
sunset on the Tues after the octave of Pentecost, i.e. vf+9
Pentecost (Regesta, ii, no. 762). K Steph extended the
fair from sunrise on the eve of Pentecost for the whole week
until sunset on the Mon (feria secunda) after the octave of
Pentecost in 1136 (Regesta, iii, no. 616). K Hen III
conf K Hen I’s charter on 10 May 1232 (CChR,
1226–57, p. 153). On 4 Dec 1306, the Whitsuntide fair
held by the P and C of Holy Trinity, Norwich was recorded; it
ended at sunset on Mon the morrow of Holy Trinity
(CChR, 1300–26, p. 73). |
| F | (Charter) vf+2,
Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); feria gr 9 Jun 1199, by K
John to ch of St Mary and the N of Carhou
(Carrow, on the edge of Norwich) with the liberties that the monks of
Norwich had in their fair in the town (Monasticon,
iv, p. 71). Another copy of the charter is dated 9 Jun 1205
(RCh, p. 166), but the witness list and the royal itinerary indicate
that 1199 is the correct date. |
| F | (Letter Patent)
10+third Sun of Lent (Easter dep)+10; gr 11 Nov 1482, by K Edw
IV to mayor, sheriffs, citizens and commonalty of the city of
Norwich. To be held within the city (CPR, 1476–85,
p. 326). |
| F | (Letter Patent) f,
Commemoration of Paul (30 Jun)+20; gr 11 Nov 1482, by K Edw IV
to mayor, sheriffs, citizens and commonalty of the city of
Norwich. To be held within the city (CPR, 1476–85,
p. 326). |
|
Fair held by the M of Norwich in the town was mentioned in 1207
(RCh, p. 166) As the feast of the fair was not given, it is
not clear which of these fairs this relates
to. |
| OXBOROUGH 5742 3013.
1334 Subsidy £120. |
| M | (Charter) Tues;
gr 8 Feb 1249, by K Hen III to Ralph de Wygornia. To be held
at the manor. On 28 Feb 1249, K Hen III granted Ralph de
Wygornia a Tues market (CChR, 1226–57, p. 339). On
20 Jan 1284, K Edw I granted Nicholas de Weyland a Tues
market, to be held at the manor, ‘Nicholas being in
possession of the said manor as the assign of Ralph de
Wygornia, to whom and whose heirs the late K Hen [III] granted
a similar fair and market’ (CChR, 1257–1300,
p. 271). On 7 Feb 1326, K Edw II granted William de Weilond,
son and heir of Nicholas de Weylond, that the day of the
market be changed to Tues [sic] (CChR, 1300–26, p.
482). |
| M | (Letter Patent)
Fri; gr 3 Jul 1482, by K Edw IV to Edmund Bedyngfled, esquire
(CPR, 1476–85, p. 308). To be held at the
town. |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Annunciation (25 Mar); gr 8 Feb 1249, by K Hen III to Ralph de
Wygornia. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57,
p. 339). On 12 May 1285, K Edw I granted Nicholas de Weylaund
a fair on vf+6 Annunciation (CChR, 1257–1300, p.
286). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Assumption (15 Aug); gr 8 Feb 1249, by K Hen III to Ralph de
Wygornia. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57,
p. 339). On 12 May 1285, K Edw I granted the fair to Nicholas
de Weylaund (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 271). |
| F | (Charter) f,
Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 8 Feb 1249, by K Hen III to
Ralph de Wygornia. On 28 Feb 1249, K Hen III granted Ralph de
Wygornia a fair on vf Nativity of Mary. A note by the charter
reads ‘Paid and is quit. In the king’s
wardrobe.’ (CChR, 1226–57, p. 339). On 20 Jan
1284, K Edw I granted Nicholas de Weylaund a fair on vf
Nativity of Mary, ‘Nicholas being in possession of the
said manor as the assign of Ralph de Wygornia, to whom and
whose heirs the late K Hen [III] granted a similar fair and
market’ (CChR, 1257–1300, p.
271). |
| SWAFFHAM 5821 3090.
1334 Subsidy £300. Peter de Savoy, earl of Richmond died in 1268
and was succeeded by John de Bretagne, duke of Brittany.
John’s second son, John, was created earl in 1305 (GEC, x,
pp. 808–15). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p.
474). |
| M | (Prescriptive)
recorded 22 Jun 1215, mercatum (RLC, i, p. 216).
The market was to be abolished if it was damaging that at Dunham, Norfolk
(q.v.). |
| M | (Prescriptive)
Sat; recorded 24 May 1257, held by Peter of Savoy
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 469). It is possible that this was the
same market as that recorded in 1215. |
| M | (Charter) Tues,
gr 24 May 1257, by K Hen III to Peter of Savoy (CChR,
1226–57, p. 469). To be held at the manor in addition to
the Sat market. |
| F | (Charter) vf+6,
Peter and Paul (29 Jun); gr 12 May 1253, by K Hen III to Peter
of Savoy (CChR, 1226–57, p. 433). On 15 Nov 1308,
K Edw II granted the fair to John de Brittania, earl of
Richmond on vf+13 Peter and Paul. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1300–26, pp. 122–3). |
| F | (Charter) vf+6,
Peter in Cathedra (22 Feb); gr 12 May 1253, by K Hen III to
Peter of Savoy (CChR, 1226–57, p. 433). On 15 Nov
1308, K Edw II granted the fair to John de Brittania, earl of
Richmond (CChR, 1300–26, p.
123). |
| TACOLNESTON 6139 2956.
1334 Subsidy £45. |
| M | (Charter) Wed;
gr 16 May 1304, by K Edw I to John de Uvedale (CChR,
1300–26, p. 42). Charter confirmed on 20 May 1389 by K
Ric II (CPR, 1388–92, p. 40). |
| M | (Charter) Mon;
gr 23 Dec 1306, by K Edw I to John de Uvedale (CChR,
1300–26, p. 81). To be held at the manor. |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Nativity of John the Baptist (24 Jun); gr 16 May 1304, by K
Edw I to John de Uvedale (CChR, 1300–26, p. 42).
Charter confirmed by K Ric II on 20 May 1389 (CPR, 1388–92, p.
40). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
All Saints (1 Nov); gr 16 May 1304, by K Edw I to John de
Uvedale. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1300–26,
p. 42). Charter confirmed by K Ric II on 20 May 1389 (CPR,
1388–92, p. 40). |
| THETFORD 5870 2832.
Borough 952 (BF, p. 140). Mint possibly Edmund/Edgar,
970s–1154. 1334 Subsidy £160. A substantial town and place of
business by c.970 and in the eleventh century. Borough in
Domesday Book, with 943 burgesses in 1066 and 720 in 1086. The see
of the bp of East Anglia was transferred here from North Elmham, Norfolk and Hoxne, Suffolk (q.v.) in 1072. In
1094x5, the see was transferred from Thetford to Norwich, Norfolk (q.v.) (E.O. Blake ed.,
Liber Eliensis, Camden third series 92 (1962), p. 100; BF,
p. 140; Darby, p. 366; VCH Suffolk, i, p. 515). Market town
c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). |
| M
| (Prescriptive: borough, mint) mercatum
recorded 1139x48 (Regesta, iii, no. 876). Market
recorded 1274–5 (RH, i, p. 439b). |
| F | (Grant: other)
Exaltation of Holy Cross (14 Sept); feria gr 1139x48,
by William, earl of Warrene to Ca of Holy Sepulchre, Thetford
[priory of the Holy Sepulchre, Thetford]. K Steph confirmed
the fair to the Ca of Holy Sepulchre of Thetford, as it had
been granted to them by William, earl Warrene, when he founded
the priory. The editor of the Regesta dates this 1135x48.
However, William de Warenne, earl of Surrey, found the priory
of the Holy Sepulchre at Thetford soon after 1139
(Regesta, iii, no. 876; Medieval Religious
Houses, p. 175). |
| F | (Grant: other)
Invention of Holy Cross (3 May); feria gr 1139x48, by
William, earl of Warrene to Ca of Holy Sepulchre, Thetford
[priory of the Holy Sepulchre, Thetford]. K Steph confirmed
the fair to the Ca of Holy Sepulchre of Thetford, as it had
been granted to them by William, earl Warrene, when he founded
the priory. The editor of the Regesta dates this 1135x48.
However, William de Warenne, earl of Surrey, found the priory
of the Holy Sepulchre at Thetford soon after 1139
(Regesta, iii, no. 876; Medieval Religious
Houses, p. 175). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Decollation of John the Baptist (29 Aug); gr 7 Jul 1232, by K
Hen III to master of the hospital of the lepers of St John the
Baptist (CChR, 1226–57, p. 163). To be held at the
hospital. |
| UPTON 6393 3122. 1334
Subsidy £70.44. |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
gr 14 Jan 1253, by K Hen III to Nicholas le Butiler
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 415). To be held at the
manor. |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
gr 12 Nov 1302, by K Edw I to Guy Buteturte (CChR,
1300–26, p. 31); conf 5 May 1401 by K Hen IV to Thomas de
Erpyngham, Nicholas de Wychyngham, Edmund Oldhalle, Ralph
Bateman, Stephen Bastwyk and the heirs of Nicholas
(CPR, 1399–1401, p. 479). To be held at the
manor. |
| F | (Charter) gr 14
Jan 1253, by K Hen III to Nicholas le Butiler (CChR,
1226–57, p. 415). To be held at the manor. Other details
of the fair are either missing or the roll is
damaged. |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); gr 12 Nov 1302, by K Edw I to Guy
Buteturte (CChR, 1300–26, p. 31); conf 5 May 1401
by K Hen IV to Thomas de Erpyngham, Nicholas de Wychyngham,
Edmund Oldhalle, Ralph Bateman, Stephen Bastwyk and the heirs
of Nicholas (CPR, 1399–1401, p. 479). To be held
at the manor. |
| WEYBOURNE 6112 3431.
1334 Subsidy £24. |
| M | (Charter) Mon;
gr 15 Sept 1319, by K Edw II to Oliver de Burdegala,
king’s yeoman and Maud his wife and her heirs. Granted
again to Oliver de Burdegala, king’s yeoman and Maud his
wife and her heirs on 20 May 1321 by K Edw II (CChR,
1300–26, p. 435). On 16 Apr 1333, K Edw III granted
Oliver de Burdegala, king’s yeoman and Maud his wife and
her heirs a market on Fri in lieu (CChR, 1327–41,
p. 300). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); gr 15 Sept 1319, by K Edw II to
Oliver de Burdegala, king’s yeoman and Maud his wife and
her heirs (CChR, 1300–26, p. 415). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
James (25 Jul); gr 20 May 1321, by K Edw II to Oliver de
Burdegala, king’s yeoman and Maud his wife and her heirs.
To be held at the manor (CChR, 1300–26, p. 435).
On 16 Apr 1333, K Edw III granted Oliver de Burdegala,
king’s yeoman and Maud his wife and her heirs a fair on
vfm Luke in lieu (18 Oct) (CChR, 1327–41, p.
300). |
| WYMONDHAM 6107 3015.
1334 Subsidy £195. William de Albini founded the Benedictine
priory of St Mary the Virgin in the first decade of the twelfth
century (Medieval Religious Houses, p. 81). Market town
c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
mercatum, gr 3 Sept 1204, by K John to William earl of
Arundel (RCh, p. 114b). The day of the market was
changed from Fri to Tues in Aug 1207 (RCh, p.
168b). |
| M | (Charter) Fri;
gr 19 Feb 1440, by K Hen VI to men and inhabitants of the town
of Wymondham (CChR, 1427–1516, p. 7). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); feria gr 1135x54, by K Steph
to M of Wymondham. To be held in the town (Regesta,
iii, no. 974). The fair was also granted to the M by either K
Hen I or K Hen II (Monasticon, iii, pp. 331–2;
Regesta, ii, no. 1888). All three of these charters are
identical, except for the grantor. On 2 Sept 1204, K John
granted a fair on vfm Nativity of Mary to William earl of
Arundel (RCh, p. 114). |
| F | (Charter)
Philip and James (1 May); gr 19 Feb 1440, by K Hen VI to men
and inhabitants of the town of Wymondham (CChR,
1427–1516, p. 7). |
| F | (Charter) vf,
Katharine in winter (25 Nov); gr 19 Feb 1440, by K Hen VI to
men and inhabitants of the town of Wymondham (CChR,
1427–1516, p. 7). |