| ARTHURET 3379 5677.
1336 Subsidy £23.94. |
| M | (Charter) Thurs; gr 16 Feb 1307, by K Edw I to
Joan, late the wife of John Wak and Thomas, son and heir of the
said John and the heirs of the said John (CChR,
1300–26, p. 81). To be held at the manor. |
| F | (Charter) vf+2, Giles (1 Sept); gr 16 Feb 1307,
by K Edw I to Joan, late the wife of John Wak and Thomas, son
and heir of the said John and the heirs of the said John
(CChR, 1300–26, p. 81). To be held at the manor. |
|
Britnell suggests that the market (mercatum) and two fairs
(feria) held by William de Stutevill at an unnamed place in
Cumberland, noted in the Pipe Roll of 1200, may have been at
Arthuret. It is also possible that they were at Kirkoswald, Cumberland (q.v.) or Longtown,
Cumberland (R.H. Britnell, ‘Boroughs, markets and trade in
northern England, 1000–1216’, in R.H. Britnell and J.
Hatcher eds., Progress and Problems in Medieval England: Essays in
Honour of Edward Miller (Cambridge, 1996), p. 65; PR, 2
John, p. 244). William had not paid his fine for the market and fairs
by 1208 (PR, 3 John, p. 252; PR, 4 John, p. 255;
PR, 5 John, p. 254; PR, 9 John, p. 127; PR, 10
John, p. 43). |
| BEWCASTLE 3565 5746.
1336 Subsidy £37.41. |
| M | (Charter) Mon; gr 6 Jul 1279, by K Edw I to John
de Swyneburn. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 213). In 1292, John de Swinburne, the
grantee, was holding the market (QW, p. 128). |
| F | (Charter) vfm+2, Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 6
Jul 1279, by K Edw I to John de Swyneburn. To be held at the
manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 213). In 1292, John de
Swinburne, the grantee, was holding the fair (QW, p.
128). |
| F | (Charter) vfm+2, Barnabas (11 Jun); gr 6 Jul
1279, by K Edw I to John de Swyneburn. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1257–1300, p. 213). In 1292, John de
Swinburne, the grantee, was holding the fair (QW, p.
128). |
| BRAMPTON 3528 5610.
1336 Subsidy £99.16. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p.
468). |
| M | (Charter) Tues; gr 31 Oct 1252, by K Hen III to
Thomas de Muletone and Maud his wife. To be held at the manor of
Braunton (CChR, 1226–57, p. 407). In 1292, Matilda
de Multon de Gyleslaund, the grantee, was holding the market
(QW, p. 126). |
| F | (Charter) vf, Decollation of John the Baptist
(29 Aug); gr 31 Oct 1252, by K Hen III to Thomas de Muletone and
Maud his wife. To be held at the manor of Braunton (CChR,
1226–57, p. 407). In 1292, Matilda de Multon de Gyleslaund,
the grantee, was holding the fair (QW, p.
126). |
| CARLISLE 3399 5562.
Borough 1130 (BF, p. 83). Mint 1100–54. 1336 Subsidy £133.33.
Roman city. Monastic and probably a commercial centre in the seventh to
ninth centuries, subsequently with an important church. In 1092, K
Wil II occupied and restored the town, bringing it under English
rule. The priory of St Mary was founded in or after 1122 and became
the seat of a new bishopric in 1133. Carlisle’s fortunes rested
on its role as a frontier city, as a centre for silver mining and as
a regional market (H. Summerson, Medieval Carlisle: the city and
the borders from the late eleventh to the mid–sixteenth
century, Cumberland and Westmorland Archaeological Society Extra
Series, 25 (1993) pp. 24–38). Market town c.1600
(Everitt, p. 468). Fair 1587, 15 Aug (Harrison, p. 395). See also H.
Summerson, Medieval Carlisle: the city and the borders from the
late eleventh to the mid–sixteenth century, Cumberland and
Westmorland Archaeological Society Extra Series, 25 (1993). |
| M
| (Prescriptive: borough, mint) recorded 1292,
mercatum, held by burgesses of Carlisle. In 1292, the
mayor and community of Carlisle unsuccessfully claimed that they
had held the market since the reign of K Hen II. The market was
taken into the king’s hands (QW, p. 121). On 7 Feb
1352, it was stated that the citizens of Carlisle held and had
held markets on Wed and Sat. K Edw III granted that the citizens
and their heirs and successors should hold this and other
liberties for ever (CPR, 1350–4, pp.
232–3). |
| F | (Prescriptive) nundinae recorded
c.1180. An undated grant by William de Lancaster to
Gospatric son of Orm mentions the fair; Summerson dates this to
c.1180 (J. Wilson ed., The Register of the Priory of St.
Bees, Surtees Society Publications, 126 (1915) pp.
539–40; H. Summerson, Medieval Carlisle: the city and
the borders from the late eleventh to the mid–sixteenth
century, Cumberland and Westmorland Archaeological Society
Extra Series, 25 (1993), p. 64). Fair mentioned 1197 and 1202;
the feast was not given (PR, 9 Ric I, p. 14; PR, 4
John, p. 243). Fair held by the burgesses of Carlisle recorded
in 1292, which the mayor and community unsuccessfully claimed
that they had held since the reign of K Hen II. The fair was
taken into the king’s hands (QW, p. 121). On 7 Feb
1352, it was stated that the citizens of Carlisle held and had
held a fair on the f+15 Assumption (15 Aug). K Edw III granted
that the citizens and their heirs and successors should hold
this and other liberties for ever (CPR, 1350–4, pp.
232–3). |
| COCKERMOUTH 3123 5306.
Borough 1260 (BF, p. 83). 1336 Subsidy £42.86. Possibly a borough
from c.1210, when the free men of Cockermouth were granted
certain liberties (R.H. Britnell, ‘Boroughs, markets and trade
in northern England, 1000–1216’, in R.H. Britnell and J.
Hatcher eds, Progress and Problems in Medieval England
(Cambridge, 1996), p. 51 n. 11). Market town c.1600 (Everitt,
p. 468). Fair 1587, Mon in Whit week; 29 Sept (Harrison, pp. 394,
396). |
| M | (Letter Close) Sat; mercatum, gr 19 May
1221, by K Hen III to W[illiam] count of Aumale. To be held at
the manor until the king came of age. Notice to the sh of
Cumberland (RLC, i, p. 458b). On 20 Nov 1221, the day of
W. earl of Aumale’s market was changed from Sat to Mon
(RLC, i, p. 481b). On 3 Sept 1227, K Hen III granted
William de Forz, earl of Aumale a Mon market by charter
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 58). Order to sh of Cumberland to
cause him to have the market, 5 Sept 1227 (RLC, ii, p.
199b). In 1292, Isabella de Fortibus, countess of Aumale was
holding the market in dower, by right of her late husband
William de Fortibus, earl of Aumale (QW, p.
119). |
| F |
(Prescriptive) feria recorded 1292, held by Isabella de Fortibus,
countess of Aumale, who was holding the fair in dower, by right of her late
husband William de Fortibus, earl of Aumale. No details of the fair were
given (QW, p. 119). In 1306 the farmers of
the tolls at Cockermouth complained that every Sunday there was a gathering
of people at Crosthwaite (also an Aumale possession,
q.v.) buying and selling without paying any dues to the bailiffs
of Cockermouth (L.F. Salzman, 'The legal status of markets', The Cambridge
Historical Journal 2.3 (1928), 205-12, esp. 207). |
| EGREMONT 3011 5105.
Borough c.1202 (BF, p. 83). 1336 Subsidy £112.80. Thomas son
of Lambert de Multon had inherited the manor from the Lucy family
(QW, pp. 113–14). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p.
468). |
| M | (Charter) Wed; gr 20 May 1267, by K Hen III to
Thomas son of Lambert de Moleton. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1257–1300, p. 75). Market held by Thomas son
of Lambert de Multon recorded in 1292 (QW, p. 114). On 4
Apr 1322, a third of the market was assigned to Eleanor, late
the wife of Thomas de Multon of Egremont, in dower. The day of
the market was not recorded (CCR, 1318–22, p.
567). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 20
May 1267, by K Hen III to Thomas son of Lambert de Moleton. To
be held at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 75). Fair
held by Thomas son of Lambert de Multon recorded in 1292
(QW, p. 114). On 4 Apr 1322, a third of the fair was
assigned to Eleanor, late the wife of Thomas de Multon of
Egremont, in dower. The feast of the fair was not recorded
(CCR, 1318–22, p. 567). |
| GREYSTOKE 3443 5307.
Borough 1289.
Burgesses were recorded in 1359, but in 1472 only one burgage is
evident (A.J.L. Winchester, Landscape and Society in Medieval
Cumbria (Edinburgh, 1987), p. 122). 1336 Subsidy £55.47. |
| M | (Charter) Mon; gr 28 Oct 1245, by K Hen III to
Thomas son of William de Craystock. To be held at the manor.
Mandate in pursuance to the sh of Cumberland (CChR,
1226–57, p. 288). In 1292, the market was held by John de
Craystok, son of the grantee (QW, p. 119). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Trans of Edward (13 Oct); gr 28
Oct 1245, by K Hen III to Thomas son of William de Craystock. To
be held at the manor. Mandate in pursuance to the sh of
Cumberland (CChR, 1226–57, p. 288). In 1292, the
fair was held by John de Craystok, son of the grantee
(QW, p. 119). |
| HAYTON 3508 5577. 1336
Subsidy £19.73. Identified in the index of the Calendar of Charter
Rolls as Hayton in Aspatria. |
| M | (Charter) Tues; gr 18 Jan 1278, by K Edw I to
Robert de Molecastre. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 206). In 1292, the Crown was contesting the
right of William de Mulcastr to hold the market; William showed
the charter and claimed to be the heir of the grantee
(QW, p. 126). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Mary Magdalen (22 Jul); gr 18 Jan
1278, by K Edw I to Robert de Molecastre. To be held at the
manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 206). In 1292, the Crown
was contesting the right of William de Mulcastr to hold the
fair; William showed the charter and claimed to be the heir of
the grantee (QW, p. 126). |
| IREBY 3238 5390. 1336
Subsidy £95. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 468). |
| M | (Charter) Thurs; gr 29 Nov 1236, by K Hen III to
William de Ireby. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1226–57, p. 225). Mandate to the sh of Cumberland to
proclaim the market and cause it to be held (CR,
1234–7, p. 398). In 1292, the market was held by Robert de
Brus, the elder, and Cristiana his wife, the heir of the grantee
(QW, p. 124). On 1 Dec 1390, the charter was confirmed by
K Ric II to Peter Tilliol, tenant of the manor (CPR,
1388–92, p. 331). Market continued into the eighteenth
century (A.J.L. Winchester, Landscape and Society in Medieval
Cumbria (Edinburgh, 1987), p. 122). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Matthew (21 Sept); gr 29 Nov
1236, by K Hen III to William de Ireby. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1226–57, p. 225). Mandate to the sh of
Cumberland to proclaim the fair and cause it to be held
(CR, 1234–7, p. 398). On 1 Dec 1390, the charter was
confirmed by K Ric II to Peter Tilliol, tenant of the manor
(CPR, 1388–92, p. 331). |
| KESWICK 3267 5231. Borough 1373
(BF, p. 84). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 468). Fair 1587,
22 Jul (Harrison, p. 395). |
| M | (Charter) Sat; gr 13 Jul 1276, by K Edw I to
Thomas de Derwentewatere (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 200).
In 1292, Thomas de Derewentwatre was holding the market
(QW, p. 123). |
| F | (Charter) vfm+2, Mary Magdalene (22 Jul); gr 13
Jul 1276, by K Edw I to Thomas de Derwentewatere (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 200). In 1292, Thomas de Derewentwatre was
holding the fair (QW, p. 123). |
| KIRKCAMBECK 3533 5689.
In the 1334 Lay Subsidy, Kircambeck was assessed with Stapleton at
£13.17 (Glasscock, p. 38). |
| M | (Charter) Tues; mercatum, gr 31 Mar 1254,
by K Hen III to William de Sancto Edmundo, rector of the ch of
Cambeke (Roles Gascons, 1242–54, no. 2521;
CPR, 1247–58, p. 286). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Peter and Paul the Apostles (29
Jun); feria gr 31 Mar 1254, by K Hen III to William de
Sancto Edmundo, rector of the ch of Cambeke (Roles
Gascons, 1242–54, no. 2521; CPR, 1247–58,
p. 286). |
| KIRKLINTON 3433 5670.
1336 Subsidy £34.81. |
| M | (Charter) Thurs; gr 8 Jan 1262, by K Hen III to
Eustace de Balliolo and Helewis his wife and the heirs of
Helewis. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300,
p. 39). In 1292, Richard de Kirkebride, Walter de Corry, Patrick
Trumpe, Matilda de Carrigg, John de Seton, Walter de Thwynham
and Gilbert de Sothayk claimed the market as the heirs of
Helewis, but the quo warranto jury returned a verdict of
non-user (QW, p. 129). |
| F | (Charter) vfm, Peter and Paul (29 Jun); gr 8 Jan
1262, by K Hen III to Eustace de Balliolo and Helewis his wife
and the heirs of Helewis. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 39). In 1292, Richard de Kirkebride, Walter
de Corry, Patrick Trumpe, Matilda de Carrigg, John de Seton,
Walter de Thwynham and Gilbert de Sothayk claimed the fair as
the heirs of Helewis, but the quo warranto jury returned
a verdict of non-user (QW, p. 129). |
| KIRKOSWALD 3553
5412. Borough 1272 (A.J.L. Winchester, Landscape and Society in
Medieval Cumbria (Edinburgh, 1987), p. 122). 1336 Subsidy
£154.59. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 468). |
| M | (Charter) Thurs; mercatum, gr 1 Mar 1201,
by K John to Hugh de Morevill (RCh, p. 89). In 1292, the
market was held by Thomas son of Thomas de Multon de
Gilleslaund, who claimed to be the heir of the grantee, although
this was challenged by the Crown (QW, p. 122). |
| F | (Charter) f, Oswald (5 Aug); feria gr 1
Mar 1201, by K John to Hugh de Morevill (RCh, p. 89). It
is assumed that the feast of the fair relates to Oswald, king of
Northumbria, whose feast was also celebrated on 8 or 9 Aug. In
1292, the fair was held by Thomas son of Thomas de Multon de
Gilleslaund, who claimed to be the heir of the grantee, although
this was challenged by the Crown (QW, p. 122). |
|
Summerson suggests that the market (mercatum) and two fairs
(feria) held by William de Stutevill at an unnamed place in
Cumberland, noted in the Pipe Roll of 1200, were at Kirkoswald. It is
more likely that they were at Arthuret, Cumberland
(q.v.) or perhaps at Longtown, Cumberland (PR, 2 John,
p. 244; R.H. Britnell, ‘Boroughs, markets and trade in northern
England, 1000–1216’, in R.H. Britnell and J. Hatcher eds.,
Progress and Problems in Medieval England: Essays in Honour of
Edward Miller (Cambridge, 1996), p. 65; H. Summerson, Medieval
Carlisle: the city and the borders from the late eleventh to the mid-
sixteenth century, Cumberland and Westmorland Archaeological
Society Extra Series, 25 (1993), p. 66). |
| LIDDEL 3403 5743. 1336
Subsidy £5. |
| M | (Charter) Tues; gr 18 Jul 1267, by K Hen III to
John de Stutevill. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 78). In 1292, John Wake was holding the
market, as the heir of John de Stutevill (QW, p.
120). |
| F | (Charter) vf+6, Exaltation of the Cross (14
Sept); gr 18 Jul 1267, by K Hen III to John de Stutevill. To be
held at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 78). In 1292,
John Wake was holding the fair, as the heir of John de Stutevill
(QW, p. 120). |
| NEWTON ARLOSH 3198
5552. Borough 28 Mar 1305 (CChR, 1300–26, p. 55). 1336
Subsidy £55.20. Granted instead of the borough status, market and
fair previously granted to Skinburness, Cumberland
(q.v.). Newton Arlosh was also known as Kirkby Johannis, which
presumably related to the dedication of the ch (A.M. Armstrong ed.,
The Place Names of Cumbria (1950–2), ii, p. 291). Everitt
noted a market at Holme Cultram; it is assumed that this relates to
Newton Arlosh. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 468). Grid
references are to the current site of Newton Arlosh. |
| M | (Charter) Thurs; gr 28 Mar 1305, by K Edw I to A
and C of Holmcoltram (CChR, 1300–26, p. 55).
|
| F | (Charter) vf+15, John the Baptist (24 Jun); gr
28 Mar 1305, by K Edw I to A and C of Holmcoltram (CChR,
1300–26, p. 55). |
| PENRITH 3515 5302.
Borough 1286 (BF, p. 84). 1336 Subsidy £398.15. Town developed under
royal initiative in the 1220s (A.J.L. Winchester, Landscape and
Society in Medieval Cumbria (Edinburgh, 1987), p. 122). Market
town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 468). Fair 1587, Tues in Whit week
(Harrison, p. 394). |
| M | (Letter Close) Wed; mercatum, gr 16 Oct
1222, by K Hen III (RLC, i, p. 513). To be held at the
royal manor until the king came of age. Notice to the sh of
Cumberland. |
| F | (Letter Close) v of Pentecost to the Mon after
Holy Trinity (Easter dep), feria gr 16 Oct 1222, by K Hen
III (RLC, i, p. 513). To be held at the royal manor until
the king came of age. Notice to the sh of
Cumberland. |
| RAVENGLASS 3086 4964.
Thomas son of Lambert de Multon had inherited the manor from the Lucy
family (QW, pp. 113–14). Market town c.1600
(Everitt, p. 468). Fair 1587, 25 Jul (Harrison, p. 395). |
| M | (Charter) Sat; mercatum, gr 20 Aug 1208,
by K John to Richard de Lucy. To be held at the manor
(RCh, p. 182). In 1208, Richard de Luci owed a good
palfrey for the market and the fair (below) (PR, 10 John,
p. 44). Sat market held by Thomas son of Lambert de Multon
recorded in 1292, which he claimed of old
(QW, p. 114). |
| F | (Charter) f, James the Apostle (25 Jul);
feria gr 20 Aug 1208, by K John to Richard de Lucy. To be
held at the manor (RCh, p. 182). In 1208, Richard de Luci
owed a good palfrey for the fair and the market (above)
(PR, 10 John, p. 44). Fair held by Thomas son of Lambert
de Multon recorded in 1292, which he claimed of old (QW, p. 114). On 4 Apr 1322, a third of a fair (the
feast of which was not specified) was assigned to Eleanor, late
the wife of Thomas de Multon of Egremont, in dower (CCR,
1318–22, p. 567). |
| SEATON 3018 5306.
1336 Subsidy £38.25. In Camerton. |
| M | (Charter)
Thurs; gr 24 May 1280, by K Edw I to Gilbert de Wirkinton. To
be held at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 226). In
1292, Thomas de Culewenn, the son of the grantee, was holding
the market (QW, p. 123). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); gr 24 May 1280, by K Edw I to
Gilbert de Wirkinton. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 226). In 1292, Thomas de Culewenn, the son
of the grantee, was holding the fair (QW, p.
123). |
| SKINBURNESS 3126
5558. Borough 12 Feb 1301 (CChR, 1300–26, p. 2). On
the island of Holmcoltram in the medieval period. The market and
fair were granted to replace the charter for a market and fair at
the mouth of the Waver, Cumberland
(q.v.). However, the settlement at Skinburness could not
have lasted long. On 28 Mar 1305, the A of Holmcoltram informed K
Edw I that the greater part of the borough of Skinburness had been
washed away by the sea. The king granted the A and C of
Holmcultram that their town of Newton Arlosh,
Cumberland (q.v.) would be a free borough, with all the
liberties, including the market and fair, that had previously been
granted to Skinburness (CChR, 1300–26, p. 55). The
grid references are to the present settlement of
Skinburness. |
| M | (Charter)
Thurs; gr 12 Feb 1301, by K Edw I to A and C of Holmcoltram
(CChR, 1300–26, p. 2). To be held within the
borough in a place to be appointed by them. |
| F | (Charter)
vf+15, John the Baptist (24 Jun); gr 12 Feb 1301, by K Edw I
to A and C of Holmcoltram (CChR, 1300–26, p. 2).
To be held within the borough in a place to be appointed by
them. |
| WAVER 3170 5519.
Borough 1300 (BF, p. 84). In Holmcultram. By Mar 1305, the greater
part of the borough had been destroyed by the sea. As this site
was unsuitable, another charter was issued for Skinburness, Cumberland (q.v.). The grid
references are to the present mouth of the river Waver. |
| M | (Charter)
Thurs; gr 20 Mar 1300, by K Edw I to A and C of Holmcoltram.
To be held in the town of Waver in Holmcultram in a place to
be appointed. The charter was vacated ‘because otherwise
in the roll of the twenty–ninth year’ (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 488). |
| F | (Charter)
vf+15, Nativity of John the Baptist (24 Jun); gr 20 Mar 1300,
by K Edw I to A and C of Holmcoltram. To be held in the town
of Waver in Holmcultram in a place to be appointed. The
charter was vacated ‘because otherwise in the roll of the
twenty–ninth year’ (CChR, 1257–1300, p.
488). |
| WIGTON 3256 5483.
1336 Subsidy £115.83. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p.
468). |
| M | (Charter) Tues;
gr 3 Feb 1262, by K Hen III to Walter de Wigeton. To be held
at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 40). Market held
by John de Wygeton, son of the grantee, recorded in 1292
(QW, p. 116). |
| F | (Charter) vfm,
Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 3 Feb 1262, by K Hen III to
Walter de Wigeton. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257–1300, p. 40). Fair held by John de Wygeton, son of
the grantee, recorded in 1292 (QW, p.
116). |