HAMPSHIRE
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [R] [S] [T] [W] [Y]
Last updated: 17 November, 2006
NB: Additions since May 2004 in red. These updates/additions represent changes to the printed Gazetteer published in 2003 by the List and Index Society.
ALTON 4714 1390. Borough 1219 (M. Page, 'Medieval Alton: the origins of a market town', Alton Papers 7 (2003), 3-6; cf BF, p. 117). 1334 Subsidy �55. Pre-conquest royal manor. Alton was notably prosperous in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries (Page, 'Medieval Alton'). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 175). See also VCH Hampshire, ii, p. 479. | ||
M | (Prescriptive: borough). The market recorded at Neatham (q.v.) in 1086 may have been held at Alton. Otherwise, the first record of a market at Alton is in 1232 and there are late thirteenth-century records of tolls and a pillory (Page, 'Medieval Alton'). | |
F | (Charter) vf+7, Whitsunday (Easter dep); gr 22 Nov 1320, by K Edw II to Edmund de Wodestock, the king’s brother (CChR, 1300–26, p. 434). To be held at the manor. |
BASINGSTOKE 4637 1522. Borough 1236 (BF, p. 118). 1334 Subsidy �123. Pre-conquest royal manor. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 175). See also VCH Hampshire, iv, pp. 129, 133. | ||
M | (Prescriptive: borough) recorded 1086, mercatum. The market was worth 30s. in 1086 (Darby, p. 369). In 1203, the vill of Basingstoke owed 2m. so that the day of the market could be changed from Sun to Mon (PR, 5 John, p. 148). On 26 Jun 1214, the sh of Southampton was notified that the market which was accustomed to be held at Basingstoke would henceforth be held on Wed (RLC, i, p. 207). The previous day of the market is not given. Market, the day of which is not given, noted in 1234 (CRR, xv, no. 1100). Between 1267–8, it was claimed that the A of Wherwell’s market at Wherwell, Hampshire (q.v.) was damaging the king’s free market at Basingstoke (Abb Plac., pp. 163, 173). Wed market continued until the twentieth century (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 133). | |
F | (Charter) Wed to Fri in Whit week (Easter dep); gr 16 May 1449, by K Hen VI to men of Basingstoke. To be held at the chapel of the Holy Ghost, from mid day on Wed to mid day on Fri (CChR, 1427–1516, p. 107). Fair continued until the late eighteenth century (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 133). | |
A charter of 1622 mentions a second fair, ‘of ancient date’, on f Michael the archangel (29 Sept). There is no further information for this fair (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 133). |
BISHOP’S WALTHAM 4556 1176. 1334 Subsidy �30.50. An important estate of the bps of Winchester from the tenth century until 1551 and a site of one of their principal residences (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 277). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 278. | ||
M | (Prescriptive) recorded 1273–4, held by bp of Winchester. In 1273–4, an inquisition noted that the markets of Bishop’s Waltham and Titchfield, Hampshire (q.v.), were damaging another, unspecified, market. The days of these markets were not given (RH, ii, p. 224). VCH speculates that the markets at Bishop’s Waltham and Titchfield were probably a joint market, held alternate weeks at either place and were discontinued after the inquisition (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 278). |
CHALTON 4732 1160. 1334 Subsidy �54.19. Ranulph, earl of Chester and Lincoln held the manor as lord of Chalton until 1232, when it was granted to Simon de Montfort (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 103). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 103. | ||
M | (Letter Close) Thurs; mercatum, gr 20 Oct 1224, by K Hen III to R[anulph], earl of Chester and Lincoln. To be held until the king came of age. Mandate to the sh of Southampton to cause him to have it (RLC, i, p. 626). | |
M | (Prescriptive); recorded 1232, held by Simon de Montfort. In 1232, Simon de Montfort’s market was alleged to be detrimental to that at Petersfield, Hampshire (q.v.) (CRR, xiiii, nos. 2022, 2404). It is possible that this was the market granted in 1224, although it should have been prohibited in early 1227. | |
F | (Letter Close) vf, Michael (29 Sept); feria gr 20 Oct 1224, by K Hen III to R[anulph], earl of Chester and Lincoln (RLC, i, p. 626). To be held until the king came of age. Mandate to the sh of Southampton to cause him to have it. |
EAST WELLOW 4302 1203. 1334 Subsidy �9.06. See also VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 535. | ||
M | (Charter) Wed; gr 11 Dec 1251, by K Hen III to A and C of Netley. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57, p. 371). On 8 May 1382, the A and M of St Edward called Lettele [Netley Abbey] were to have the markets and the markets of its men at East Wellow and at other places, implying that there was at least one market at East Wellow. For the other places, see Friar Waddon and Ashley, Dorset; Hound, Netley, and Totton, Hampshire; North Leigh, Oxfordshire; Gomshall, Surrey; and Kingston Deverill and Latton, Wiltshire (q.v.) (CCR, 1381–5, p. 58). The liberties of the manor included the right to hold a market as late as 1818 (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 536). | |
F | (Charter) vf, Margaret (20 Jul); gr 20 Mar 1251, by K Hen III to ch of St Mary in the place of St Edward, which the king has founded in Hampshire [Netley Abbey] (CChR, 1226–57, p. 354). The liberties of the manor included the right to hold a fair as late as 1818 (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 536). |
HOUND 4471 1087. See also VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 477. | ||
M | (Charter) Mon; gr 20 Mar 1251, by K Hen III to ch of St Mary of the place of St Edward, which the king has founded in Hampshire [Netley Abbey]. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57, p. 354). On 8 May 1382, the A and M of St Edward called Lettele [Netley Abbey] were to have the markets and the markets of its men at Hound and at other places, implying that there was at least one market at Hound. For the other places, see Friar Waddon and Ashley, Dorset; East Wellow, Netley, and Totton, Hampshire; North Leigh, Oxfordshire; Gomshall, Surrey; and Kingston Deverill and Latton, Wiltshire (q.v.) (CCR, 1381–5, p. 58). |
NEATHAM 4744 1407. Pre-Conquest royal and hundredal manor on the former Roman road from Chichester to Silchester. By the twelfth or thirteenth century the local focus of business was one and a half miles away at Alton, on the main road between Winchester and London (M. Page, ‘Medieval Alton: the origins of a market town’, Alton Papers 7 (2003), 3-6). | ||
M | (Prescriptive) recorded 1086, mercatum. The market paid �8 (Darby, p. 369). This market may actually have been held at Alton (q.v.), also a royal manor, which is recorded as a borough by 1219 (M. Page, ‘Medieval Alton’). |
NETLEY 4454 1089. 1334 Subsidy �38.88. Netley Abbey was founded in 1238–9 (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 472). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 477. | ||
M | (Prescriptive) recorded 8 May, 1382, held by A and M of St Edward now called Lettele [Netley Abbey]. On 8 May 1382, the A and M of St Edward called Lettele [Netley Abbey] were to have the markets and the markets of its men at Netley and at other places, implying that there was at least one market at Netley. For the other places, see Friar Waddon and Ashley, Dorset; East Wellow, Hound, and Totton, Hampshire; North Leigh, Oxfordshire; Gomshall, Surrey; and Kingston Deverill and Latton, Wiltshire (q.v.) (CCR, 1381–5, p. 58). |
NEWTOWN, ISLE OF WIGHT 4422 907. Borough 1254–5 (BF, p. 119). The borough of Newtown was established by Aymer, bp-elect of Winchester in 1254–5, when it was described as ‘new’ in the bp’s account roll. Newtown was created within the bp’s manor of Calbourne (also called Swainston after the site of the episcopal manor house built c.1180) and was also known as Swainston borough or as Francheville (‘free town’). Newtown was situated where the Caul Bourne and other small watercourses entered an inlet of the Solent. In 1256, Bp Aymer issued a charter granting the burgesses of Newtown the same liberties as the bp’s burgesses of Taunton, Somerset; Alresford, Hampshire; Witney, Oxfordshire and Farnham, Surrey. Newtown was a successful port. It was surrendered by the bp of Winchester to K Edw I in 1284. The following year, the king confirmed the burgesses’ privileges. Newtown went into decline following French raids in the late fourteenth century and as a result of competition from Yarmouth and Southampton, Hampshire (q.v.). In 1674, only eleven houses were recorded at Newtown (M. Beresford, ‘The six new towns of the bishop of Winchester, 1200–55’, Medieval Archaeology, 3 (1959), pp. 202–13; VCH Hampshire, v, pp. 265, 267). It is possible that the creation of the borough of Newtown was a second attempt by a bp of Winchester to establish an urban centre in the area. On 19 Jul 1215, the sh of Hampshire was instructed that K John had granted P[eter des Roches] bp of Winchester, a Wed market in his manor of ‘Scauburn’. The sh was ordered to cause the bp to have the market, according to the form of the letters patent (RLC, i, p. 221). These letters patent have not been found during the compilation of the Gazetteer. The location of ‘Scauburn’ is not known. However, it seems likely that it had the same origin as the Caul Bourne, discussed above (see S.F. Hockey, Quarr Abbey and its Lands, 1132–1631 (Leicester, 1970), pp. 40–2; S.F. Hockey, The Charters of Quarr Abbey (Isle of Wight County Record Office, 1991); A.D. Mills, The Place-Names of the Isle of Wight (Stamford, 1996), p. 93). Nothing further is known of the market at ‘Scauburn’. It is not mentioned by either Beresford or VCH. The market may not have been set up, or perhaps failed to thrive. | ||
M | (Charter) Wed; gr 3 Mar 1318, by K Edw II to Edward, earl of Chester, the king’s son. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1300–26, p. 377). The market had ceased to exist before 1559 (VCH Hampshire, v, p. 267). | |
F | (Charter) vfm, Mary Magdalen (22 Jul); gr 3 Mar 1318, by K Edw II to Edward, earl of Chester, the king’s son. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1300–26, p. 377). The fair continued into the eighteenth century, but had ceased to exist by 1835 (VCH Hampshire, v, p. 267). |
PETERSFIELD 4748 1232. Borough 1183x97 (BF, p. 119). 1334 Subsidy �25.50. Manor was part of the honor of Gloucester and was held by the Clare family until the early fourteenth century, when it passed to the Staffords. It remained with the family until 1521. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 175). Fair 1587, 29 Jun; 30 Nov (Harrison, pp. 394, 396). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 113, 116. | ||
M | (Prescriptive: borough) recorded 1232, mercatum, held by R[ichard] earl of Cornwall and Isabel, countess of Gloucester, his wife. In 1232, it was alleged that the market was being damaged by that at Chalton, Hampshire (q.v) (CRR, xiiii, nos. 2022, 2404). A Sat market at Petersfield was noted on 14 Jul 1392, amongst the property of the recently deceased Thomas, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xvii, no. 211). Market was granted in dower to Anne, who was the wife of Thomas, late earl of Stafford, on 8 Feb 1393; the day of the market was not noted (CCR, 1392–96, p. 39). A Sat market was noted on 11 Oct 1403, amongst the property of the recently deceased Edmund, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xviii, no. 807). Sat market continued until the nineteenth century (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 116). | |
F | (Charter) vfm, Peter and Paul (29 Jun); gr 16 Sept 1255, by K Hen III to William de Clare. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57, p. 449). A fair on f Peter (presumably, Peter and Paul, i.e. 29 Jun) at Petersfield was noted on 14 Jul 1392, amongst the property of the recently deceased Thomas, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xvii, no. 211). This was presumably one of the two fairs granted in dower to Anne, who was the wife of Thomas, late earl of Stafford, on 8 Feb 1393 (CCR, 1392–96, p. 39). A fair on f Peter (presumably, Peter and Paul, i.e. 29 Jun) was noted on 11 Oct 1403, amongst the property of the recently deceased Edmund, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xviii, no. 807). Fair continued until 1902 (VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 116). | |
F | (Charter) vfm, Andrew (30 Nov); gr 16 Sept 1255, by K Hen III to William de Clare. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57, p. 449). A fair on f Andrew at Petersfield was noted on 14 Jul 1392, amongst the property of the recently deceased Thomas, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xvii, no. 211). This was presumably one of the two fairs granted in dower to Anne, who was the wife of Thomas, late earl of Stafford, on 8 Feb 1393 (CCR, 1392–96, p. 39). A fair on f Andrew (30 Nov) at Petersfield was noted on 11 Oct 1403, amongst the property of the recently deceased Edmund, earl of Stafford (CIPM, xviii, no. 807). | |
On 11 Oct 1403, the annual value of the Sat market and the two fairs at the f of Peter and Andrew was �6. 10s. (CIPM, xviii, no. 807). |
PORTCHESTER 4619 1054. Borough early tenth century (Defence, pp. 214–15). 1334 Subsidy �119.01. Roman fort. Occupied in early and mid Saxon periods. Burh noted in the Burghal Hidage (Defence, pp. 214–15). This settlement and port was overshadowed by neighbouring Portsmouth, Hampshire (q.v.) after the latter was founded by K Ric I (Beresford, pp. 124, 448–9). The value of the 1334 Lay Subsidy is made up of �82.63, from the borough of Portchester, ‘within’ and �36.38, from Portchester, ‘foreign’ (Glasscock, pp. 111, 121). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 158–9. | ||
M | (Prescriptive: borough) Sun; recorded 4 Mar 1220, mercatum. Day of the market changed from Sun to Sat (RLC, i, p. 412b). Mandate to the sh of Southampton to change the day of the market from Sun to Sat, 18 May 1236 (CR, 1234–7, p. 266). Mandate to the sh of Southampton to proclaim a Sat market at the king’s manor, 3 Aug 1294 (CCR, 1288–96, p. 361). | |
F | (Letter Close) vfm, Assumption (15 Aug); gr 3 Aug 1294, by K Edw I (CCR, 1288–96, p. 361). To be held at the king’s manor. Mandate to the sh of Southampton to proclaim the fair. |
PORTSMOUTH 4648 993. Borough 1106 (BF, p. 120). 1334 Subsidy �126.08. This new town replaced the earlier port and settlement of Portchester, Hampshire (q.v.) (Beresford, pp. 448–9). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 175). See also VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 176–182. | ||
M | (Grant: other) Thurs; gr 2 May 1194, by K Ric I to burgesses of Portsmouth (T. Rymer ed., Foedera, Conventiones, Litterae et cujuscunque generis Acta Publica, new edn, i, pt i, ed. A. Clark and F. Holbrooke (Record Commission, 1816), p. 63); conf 23 Oct 1200 by K John to burgesses of Portsmouth (RCh, p. 77). Confirmed by K Hen III on 18 Nov 1229 (CChR, 1226–57, p. 106). The charters were confirmed several times in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries. Market continued into the twentieth century (VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 176, 183). | |
M | (Prescriptive: borough) Sun; recorded 12 Dec 1228, mercatum (CR, 1227–31, p. 136). K Hen III granted that the market which was accustomed to be held on Sun would henceforth be held on Mon, at the cross towards Portsdown. Mandate to the sh of Southampton. | |
F | (Grant: other) f+14, Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); gr 2 May 1194, by K Ric I to burgesses of Portsmouth (T. Rymer ed., Foedera, Conventiones, Litterae et cujuscunque generis Acta Publica, new edn, i, pt i, ed. A. Clark and F. Holbrooke (Record Commission, 1816), p. 63); conf 23 Oct 1200 by K John to burgesses of Portsmouth (RCh, p. 77). Confirmed by K Hen III on 18 Nov 1229 (CChR, 1226–57, p. 106; PR, 14 Hen III, p. 196). The charters were confirmed several times in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries. Fair continued until the seventeenth century (VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 176, 182). |
TITCHFIELD 4541 1058. 1334 Subsidy �110.94. See also VCH Hampshire, iii, p. 224. | ||
M | (Prescriptive) recorded 1086, mercatum. The market and toll rendered 40s. (Darby, p. 369). In 1273–4, an inquisition noted that the markets of Titchfield and Bishop’s Waltham, Hampshire (q.v.), the days of which were not given, were damaging another, unspecified, market (RH, ii, p. 224). According to the VCH, the markets at Bishop’s Waltham and Titchfield were probably a joint market, held on alternate weeks at either place and discontinued as a consequence of the inquisition’s report. Titchfield market was recorded in 1535, but there is no later evidence for it (VCH Hampshire, iii, pp. 224, 278). | |
F | (Charter) vf+3, Corpus Christi (Easter dep); gr 22 May 1447, by K Hen VI to A and C of St Mary, Titchfield (CChR, 1427–1516, p. 82). To be held at the town. |
TOTTON 4360 1129. 1334 Subsidy �34.75. See also VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 549–50. | ||
M | (Prescriptive) recorded 8 May 1382, held by A and M of St Edward now called Lettele [Netley Abbey]. On 8 May 1382, the A and M of St Edward called Lettele [Netley Abbey] were to have the markets and the markets of its men at Totton and at other places, implying that there was at least one market at Totton. For the other places, see Friar Waddon and Ashley, Dorset; East Wellow, Hound, and Netley, Hampshire; North Leigh, Oxfordshire; Gomshall, Surrey; and Kingston Deverill and Latton, Wiltshire (q.v.) (CCR, 1381–5, p. 58). VCH does not mention a market at Totton. |
WEYHILL 4315 1465. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Weyhill fair, near Andover, was one of the largest in England, but there is a lack of reliable earlier information; the fair may have been an appurtenance of the manor of Ramridge alias Penton Grafton (VCH Hants, 396-8). It has traditionally been identified with the fair at Wy or Wych, mentioned by Langland in the late fourteenth century in association with St Giles's fair, Winchester (W.W. Skeat, ed., The Vision of William concerning Piers Plowman, Early English Text Society nos 28, 38, 54, 67, and 81 (London, 1867-85), Text A passus V, ll. 119-20, Text B, Passus V, ll. 205-6, Text C, Passus VII, l. 211). Weyhill fair may not have developed until the sixteenth century and the fair at Wy or Wych Wy or may have been elsewhere, possibly at Wye, Kent (q.v.). |
WHERWELL 4391 1408. 1334 Subsidy �40.62. See also VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 411. | ||
M | (Charter) Wed; gr 3 May 1267, by K Hen III to As of Wherwell. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1257–1300, p. 75). Between 1267–8, it was claimed that the As of Wherwell’s market at Wherwell was damaging the king’s free market at Basingstoke, Hampshire (q.v.) (Abb Plac., pp. 163, 173). | |
F | (Charter) 1+f+2, day of dedication of the ch of Wherwell [Exaltation of Holy Cross] (14 Sept); feria gr 25 Oct 1207, by K John to ch of Peter of Werewell, As Matilda and M (RCh, p. 171). On 12 Apr 1215, sh of Southampton was ordered to ensure that the As and M of Wherwell had their fair, lasting 4 days, on 1+f+2 the day of the dedication of their church, as in their charter (RLC, i, p. 194). On 26 Oct 1260, the charter was recorded on the Charter Roll to preserve the contents (CChR, 1257–1300, pp. 30–1). VCH states that the fair continued into the twentieth century and gives the date of the contemporary fair as 24 Sept (VCH Hampshire, iv, p. 411, n. 6). This could reflect the change of date made to the medieval fair after the calendar change of the eighteenth century. |
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