| BRENTFORD 5175 1773.
1334 Subsidy £37.30. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). Fair 1587,
10 Aug (Harrison, p. 395). See also VCH Middlesex, vii, p. 136. |
|
M |
(Charter) Tues; gr 23 Dec 1306, by K Edw I to Ps and N of
St Helen’s, London. To be held at the manor of ‘Braynford’
(CChR, 1300-26, p. 81). The rights in the market were leased in 1534;
it was abolished in 1610 (VCH Middlesex, vii, p. 136). |
|
F |
(Charter) vf+4, Laurence (10 Aug); gr 23 Dec 1306, by K Edw
I to Ps and N of St Helen’s, London. To be held at the manor of ‘Braynford’
(CChR, 1300-26, p. 81). The rights in the fair were leased in 1534;
it was abolished in 1610 (VCH Middlesex, vii, p. 136). |
| ENFIELD 5328 1967.
1334 Subsidy £185.05. See also VCH Middlesex, v, p. 237. |
|
M |
(Charter) Mon; gr 8 Apr 1303, by K Edw I to Humphrey de Bohun,
earl of Hereford and Essex and Elizabeth, countess of Holland, the king’s
daughter, his wife. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1300-26, p. 35). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Andrew (30 Nov); gr 8 Apr 1303, by K Edw I
to Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford and Essex and Elizabeth, countess
of Holland, the king’s daughter, his wife. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1300-26, p. 35). A fair on St Andrew’s day was still
held in the early twentieth century (VCH Middlesex, v, p. 237). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Assumption (15 Aug); gr 8 Apr 1303, by K Edw
I to Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford and Essex and Elizabeth, countess
of Holland, the king’s daughter, his wife. To be held at the manor
(CChR, 1300- 26, p. 35). The date of the fair was later changed to
23 September (VCH Middlesex, v, p. 237). |
| HARROW 5153 1875.
1334 Subsidy £257.16. See also VCH Middlesex, iv, p. 225. |
|
M |
(Charter) Mon; gr 7 Nov 1261, by K Hen III to B archbp of
Canterbury. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 38). |
|
M |
(Charter) Wed; gr 1 Jun 1314, by K Edw II to W archbp of
Canterbury (CChR, 1300-26, p. 274). This market replaced that on
Mon. It was held in K Hen VIII’s reign, but had fallen into disuse
by the end of the sixteenth century (VCH Middlesex, iv, p. 225). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Nativity of Mary (8 Sept); gr 7 Nov 1261,
by K Hen III to B archbp of Canterbury. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257-1300, p. 38). On 1 Jun 1314, K Edw II granted W archbp of Canterbury
a fair on vf Nativity of Mary (CChR, 1300-26, p. 274). |
| HOUNSLOW 5137 1757. The grid references
are to Holy Trinity church, which is on the old site of the Trinitarian
friary. The exact location of the market and fair is not known (VCH Middlesex,
iii, p. 127). See also VCH Middlesex, iii, p. 112. |
|
M |
(Charter) Tues; gr 1 Jan 1296, by K Edw I to the ministers
and friars of the Trinity, Hounslow. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257-1300, p. 463). Market had ceased to function by the sixteenth century
(VCH Middlesex, iii, p. 112). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm+5, Holy Trinity (Easter dep); gr 1 Jan 1296,
by K Edw I to the ministers and friars of Trinity, Hounslow. To be held
at the manor (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 463. Fair continued into the sixteenth
century (VCH Middlesex, iii, p. 112). |
| LONDON 5322 1810.
Borough 1066x75 (BF, p. 138; Darby, p. 366). 1334 Subsidy £11,000. Roman
city. Bishopric from 604. London revived as a centre of trade in the seventh
century, when the focus of commerce was in the large settlement outside
the Roman walls to the west. Mint (probably within the walls) from the seventh
century. At the end of the ninth century, the city within the walls was
‘restored’ and from then on served as London’s principal
focus of trade. A complex system of street markets evolved, with numerous
specialised sites. The principal business street, Cheapside (forum,
‘Ceap’, ‘Chepe’) is recorded by the twelfth century,
but probably originated in the late ninth; Eastcheap is recorded by c.1100
(E. Ekwall, Street-Names of the City of London (1954), pp. 182-3,
185; A. Vince, Saxon London, an archaeological investigation (1990);
I. Archer, C. Barron and V. Harding, Hugh Alley’s Caveat: the markets
of London in 1598 (London Topographical Society, 137, 1988); B.M.S.
Campbell, J.A. Galloway, D. Keene and M. Murphy, A Medieval Capital and
its Grain Supply (1993)). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474).
Fair (Bartholomew fair) 1587, 24 Aug (Harrison, p. 395). |
|
M
| (Prescriptive: borough, mint); recorded seventh century. |
|
F |
(Prescriptive) Bartholomew (24 Aug); recorded 1154x89, held
by ch of Bartholomew, London [St Bartholomew–s priory, London]. Fair
mentioned in the charter which was inspected and confirmed by K Hen III
on 15 Jun 1253 and by K Edw I on 10 Jul 1290 (CChR, 1257-1300, p.
369). In 1321, the P of Saint Bartholomew’s claimed to have held the
fair from time out of mind and produced charters showing that K Hen II had
granted his peace to those coming to the fair, which K Hen III and K Edw
I had confirmed (QW, p. 467). |
|
F |
(Letter Close) v of Pentecost to octave of Holy Trinity (Easter
dep), feria, gr 8 Feb 1229, by K Hen III. To be held at East Smithfield,
beyond the Tower of London. Mandate to the sh of London and of several other
counties to proclaim the fair (CR, 1227-31, p. 151). |
| PINNER 5124 1896.
See also VCH Middlesex, iv, pp. 177, 225. |
|
M |
(Charter) Sat; gr 30 May 1336, by K Edw III to John archbp
of Canterbury. To be held at the manor. Vacated because otherwise below
(CChR, 1327-41, p. 360). On the same day, John archbp of Canterbury
was granted a Wed market at the manor (CChR, 1327-41, p. 373). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Nativity of John the Baptist (24 Jun); gr
30 May 1336, by K Edw III to John archbp of Canterbury. To be held at the
manor. Vacated because otherwise below (CChR, 1327-41, p. 360). Granted
again on the same day (CChR, 1327-41, p. 373). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Decollation of John the Baptist (29 Aug);
gr 30 May 1336, by K Edw III to John archbp of Canterbury. To be held at
the manor (CChR, 1327-41, p. 373). |
| STAINES 5038 1711.
1334 Subsidy £124.98. Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). See also
VCH Middlesex, iii, p. 20. |
|
M |
(Prescriptive) Sun; recorded 5 Nov 1218, mercatum.
The day of the market was changed from Sun to Fri (RLC, i, p. 381b).
Fri market held by the A of Westminster recorded in 1294 (QW, p.
479). Market continued until the early nineteenth century (VCH Middlesex,
iii, p. 20). |
|
F |
(Charter) m+3, Ascension (Easter dep); gr 12 Feb 1228, by
K Hen III to Richard, A of Westminster. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1226-57, p. 67). Mandate to sh of Middlesex, 17 Feb 1228 (CR, 1227-31,
p. 21). On 22 May 1241, K Hen III granted the A and M of Westminster the
right to change the date of the fair to the vf+2 of the Nativity of Mary
(8 Sept). On 24 Nov 1280, K Edw I inspected and confirmed this charter (CChR,
1257-1300, p. 239). Fair recorded in 1294 (QW, p. 479). In the sixteenth
century, a fair was held on 8 Sept (VCH Middlesex, iii, p. 21). |
| UXBRIDGE 5055 1841. Borough
?1182x88 (W.T. Reedy ed., Basset Charters c.1120 to 1250, Pipe Roll
Society new series 50 (London, 1995), no. 184). In the 1334 Lay Subsidy,
Uxbridge was one of four places, including Colham, valued together at £279.81.
Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). Fair 1587, 20 Jul (Harrison,
p. 394). See also VCH Middlesex, iv, pp. 75, 79. |
|
M |
(Grant: other); gr 1154x88, by K Hen II to Gilbert Basset
(W.T. Reedy ed., Basset Charters c.1120 to 1250, Pipe Roll Society
new series 50 (London, 1995), no. 184). No copy of this grant survives.
It is known from a notification by Gilbert Basset, made in ?1182x88, in
which he stated that K Hen II had conceded to him the right to establish
a market (mercatum) in his town of Uxbridge, and in which he now
fixed the market on a Thurs (it is not clear if this had been specified
in the grant from K Hen II). |
|
M |
(Charter) Mon; gr 6 Jun 1294, by K Edw I to Henry de Lacy,
earl of Lincoln. To be held at the manor (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 436).
Market held by Henry de Lacey, earl of Lincoln, recorded in 1294 (QW,
p. 476). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Margaret (20 Jul); gr 20 Oct 1239, by K Hen
III to William de Lungspee. Probably the location of the fair at ‘uxebrugg’
granted by K Hen III to William Lungspee; the place is not identified in
the index to the Charter rolls (CChR, 1226-57, p. 247). Fair on f
Margaret recorded in 1281 (VCH Middlesex, iv, p. 79). Fair on vfm
Margaret held by Henry de Lacey, earl of Lincoln and Margaret his wife recorded
in 1294 (QW, p. 476). Margaret, wife of Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln,
was the daughter of William Lungspee. |
|
F |
(Charter) vf, Michael (29 Sept); gr 6 Jun 1294, by K Edw
I to Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln. To be held at the manor (CChR,
1257-1300, p. 436). Fair held by Henry de Lacey, earl of Lincoln, recorded
in 1294 (QW, p. 576). |
| WESTMINSTER 5301 1795.
A settlement largely dependent upon the royal palace and abbey. In the tenth
century, the abbey acquired the land extending up to the City of London,
formerly occupied by the commercial settlement of London. The City of London
subsequently absorbed the eastern part of that land. The abbey had a market
and several fairs held at the abbey. The hospital of St James had a fair
held near Charing Cross. In the 1334 Lay Subsidy, Westminster was valued
with St Mary in the Strand, St Martin in the Fields and St Clement Danes
at £160.22. Markets and fairs are mentioned in two spurious charters, supposedly
granted by K Wil I to the abbey, but dating from the twelfth century, suggesting
that the abbey operated markets and fairs at that time (Regesta,
1066-87, nos. 306, 312). Market town c.1600 (Everitt, p. 474). Fair
at St James’s 1587, 25 Jul (Harrison, p. 395). See also VCH London,
i, pp. 542-6; G. Rosser, Medieval Westminster 1200-1540 (Oxford,
1989). |
|
M |
(Charter) Mon; gr 5 Nov 1256, by K Hen III to Richard, A
of Westminster and the C. To be held at Tothill (CChR, 1226-57, p.
452). |
|
F |
(Charter) vf+2, Trans of Edw the Confessor (13 Oct); gr 2
Jul 1245, by K Hen III to ch of St Peter, Westminster, the glorious K Edw
the Confessor, Richard the A and M of Westminster (CChR, 1226-57,
p. 286). Mandate to sh of Oxfordshire, Kent, Surrey and Sussex, Essex and
Hertfordshire, London, Middlesex and Northamptonshire to proclaim the fair
and cause it to be held, dated 19 Jul 1246. The length of the fair was given
as vf+3 Trans of Edward (CR, 1242-7, p. 441). In 1248, fair was extended
to a fortnight. All other fairs held throughout England during this period
were suspended and all the London shops were closed (Rosser, p. 97). Grant
to the A of Westminster by K Hen III on 15 Oct 1248 that all merchants coming
to the fair of Westminster on the f+15 Trans of Edw shall be quit of the
king’s prises (CChR, 1226-57, p. 334). This charter was confirmed
by K Edw I to the A and M of Westminster on 24 Nov 1280 (CChR, 1257-1300,
p. 239). On 24 Oct 1250, K Hen III granted to the A and M of Westminster
that the fair which used to be in their churchyard, should in future be
held at Tothill. The length of the fair was given as f+15 Edward (CPR,
1247-58, p. 76). There is no evidence that this move ever occured (Rosser,
pp. 98-9). On 5 Sept 1250, K Hen III granted that at the fairs the same
customs should be observed as in the fair of St Giles of Winchester,
Hampshire (q.v.). On 24 Nov 1280, K Edw I inspected and confirmed
this charter to the A and M of Westminster (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 239).
In 1294, only one fair was recorded, being held by the A of Westminster
on v+15 Edw (QW, p. 480). Although this could apply to either of
the St Edward’s fairs, it is more likely that it refers to the fair
on the Translation of Edw the Confessor (13 Oct). On 11 May 1298, K Edw
I granted the A and C of Westminster that the fair should be extended to
the f+31 Trans of Edw and that the fair on the Deposition of K Edw would
cease (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 471). On 22 Oct 1299, K Edw I granted
that all merchants coming to the fair shall be quit of prises throughout
its thirty-two days (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 479). Fair ceased trading
after 1487 (Rosser, p. 113). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Deposition of Edw the Confessor (5 Jan); gr
2 Jul 1245, by K Hen III to ch of St Peter, Westminster, the glorious K
Edw the Confessor, Richard the A and M (CChR, 1226-57, p. 286). On
5 Sept 1250, K Hen III granted that at the fair the same customs should
be observed as in the fair of St Giles of Winchester,
Hampshire (q.v.). On 24 Nov 1280, K Edw I inspected and confirmed
this charter to the A and M of Westminster (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 239).
On 11 May 1298, it was stated that K Hen III had granted the A and C of
Westminster a fair on f+15 Deposition of Edw, king and confessor, by charter.
However, at the instance of the A and C of Westminster, K Edw I now granted
that this fair would cease and they should have in lieu an extension of
the fair on the Translation of Edw the Confessor (CChR, 1257-1300,
p. 471). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm, Mary Magdalen (22 Jul); gr 5 Nov 1256, by
K Hen III to Richard A of Westminster and the C. To be held at Tothill (CChR,
1226-57, p. 452). There is no further evidence for this fair. |
|
F |
(Prescriptive) Peter ad Vincula (1 Aug); recorded 1422. Fair
recorded in 1487. In 1525, a royal inquisition found that the fair had been
held by the A of Westminster for many years, although the right or title
by which he held it could not be established. Fair recorded in c.1527
(Rosser, p. 115). |
|
F |
(Prescriptive) Peter and Paul (29 Jun); recorded 1487. In
1525, a royal inquisition found that the fair had been held by the A of
Westminster for many years, although the right or title by which he held
it could not be established (Rosser, p. 115). |
|
F |
(Charter) vfm+4, James (25 Jul); gr 6 Jun 1290 by K Edw I
to leprous maidens of the hospital of St James without London by Westminster,
to be held at the hospital (CChR, 1257-1300, p. 353). Fair held by
the master of the hospital recorded in 1294 (QW, p. 477). Fair recorded
in the mid sixteenth century (Rosser, p. 116, n. 94). |