The sites listed below have
been selected to demonstrate some of the high quality
resources available for the reigns of Elizabeth I and
James VI and I. Meanwhile, History
On-Line provides links to evaluated history web sites
across a comprehensive range of subjects.
Some history gateways provide
links to material relating to Elizabeth I and James VI
and I, and to Tudor and Stuart history more generally.
An excellent starting point for locating history web sites
is by searching on Humbul
Humanities Hub. Humbul provides fully evaluated and
annotated links to quality history web sites.
The IHR, as part of the
History On-Line project, evaluates history web sites for
Humbul and it is these descriptions, together with records
from other Humbul contributors, that appear below. |
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Elizabeth's
pirates
Elizabeth's Pirates is a Channel 4 web site devised
to accompany two documentaries covering Elizabethan history, 3BMs
Secret History: Armada, and Yorkshire Television's Elizabeth's Pirates.
Concentrating on the sea-faring activities directed from England
during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, the site is divided into
four sections. The first section, The Rogue State, discusses Elizabethan
England and its relations with the European powers, particularly
Spain, whilst the second section, The Pirates, looks at the activities
of English privateers and pirates. With biographies of the most
infamous pirates and privateers of the time, including Martin Frobisher,
Humphrey Gilbert, Richard Hawkins, and Richard Grenville, as well
as Francis Drake, John Hawkins and Walter Ralegh, this section covers
the expeditions, raids and explorations these men undertook in the
late sixteenth-century. The third section, The Armada, covers the
circumstances surrounding, and the events of, the battle between
the English fleet and the Spanish Armada in 1588, and the fourth
provides web links and bibliographies for further reading and research.
Print
and censorship in Elizabethan society
This web site, Print and Censorship in Elizabethan
Society, looks at the controls on the press during the Elizabeth
I's rule, and in particular during the years when the Elizabethan
Religious Settlement was established. Many facets of the printing
trade and the censorship it faced are covered, with chapters on
the legislation passed to control the press, the measures taken
to ensure that censorship was enforced, and printing and press organisations,
and the role played by groups such as the Stationer's Company. Also
considered are the illegal Puritan and Catholic printing presses,
including the secret press of Edmund Campion and Robert Persons,
and the Martin Marprelate tracts. The site also features a chronology
of important events and a short list of further resources.
Renaissance,
the Elizabethan world
Renaissance, the Elizabethan World is an impressive
site, published by an enthusiast of the Renaissance in sixteenth-century
Britain, and the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Several resources are
available on this site, with articles on Elizabethan heraldry, Elizabethan
sumptuary statutes, which laid down rules of dress within society,
and transcripts of the trials of the Earls of Essex and Southampton
in 1601. The most impressive resource is the online encyclopaedia
Life in Elizabethan England - A Compendium of Common Knowledge.
This provides brief explanations of various facets of everyday Elizabethan
life, covering topics such as food, family, games and pastimes,
employment, fashion and education, and is a useful reference source.
All of the resources on this site can be collectively searched,
and there are also links to other web sites.
Tudor
and Elizabethan portraits
This enthusiast's web site makes available online
portraits and images of sixteenth century English monarchs, and
English and European noblemen. Each of the Tudor monarchs, Henry
VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Stuart King
James I and VI, is represented with a selection of images accompanied
by brief information about the artist and the date it was painted.
In addition to the royal portraits, there are five other sections
with pictures of English, French, German, Spanish and Italian nobles,
including a large number of works by Hans Holbein. The images are
all of a good quality, and can be viewed as large thumbnails or
as full-screen images.
Tudor
England 1485 to 1603
Tudor England 1485 to 1603 is an excellent web
site covering the Tudor dynasty in England, from the beginning Henry
VII's reign in 1485 until the end of Elizabeth I's in 1603. Devised
and published by an enthusiast, both the design and content are
impressive, and it offers strong reference material along with some
good primary sources. The site is comprised of four main parts,
biographies of members of the monarchy, primary sources, general
resources, and bibliographies and links. The biographies are impressively
in-depth, and cover the Tudor monarchs, relatives, and important
citizens, such as Charles Brandon, Thomas Cranmer, and Thomas More.
All of the primary sources have been transcribed, and include letters,
accounts of events, official announcements and documentation and
speeches. The general section includes the Tudor family tree, and
short encyclopaedic-type entries about life in Tudor England, covering
topics such as government, religion, clothing, and rebellions. Additionally
the site features a number of quizzes on various individuals and
events, and a useful FAQs section.
Tudor
Hackney
This excellent web site, developed by the
Hackney Archives Department, the National Archives Learning Curve
team, and Immediate Theatre with funding from the New Opportunities
Fund, delves into the history of Hackney during Elizabethan times.
Tudor Hackney is a completely interactive resource, and features
a virtual reality reconstruction of Hackney in 1601, and an impressive
video drama 'The Dysasters and Misfortunes of John and Jane Daniell',
which is based upon records of the couple housed in the Hackney
Archives. Both the virtual reality tour and the video require downloads,
which are free and can be accessed from the site. In addition to
these resources, the site also features an exploration of Hackney
during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and the surrounding
parishes of Shoreditch and Stoke Newington. The topics covered include
notable local people, local government and the poor, the law, crime
and punishment, transport links and infrastructure, and hospitals
and medical care. All the text is accompanied with illustrations,
and facsimile images of primary source material, and this digitised
material can also be browsed separately in the Picture Gallery.
This is an impressive site offering quality scholarship and resources,
and it is relevant and accessible to students and researchers alike.
Tudor
history
The Tudor history site, developed by Lara Eakins,
contains a variety of information about the Tudor period. The site
has biographical information of all the Tudor monarchs, including
portraits and relevant art work. There is a very useful who's who
in Tudor history which provides brief details about significant
Tudors. The site also has details of life in Tudor times, Tudor
architecture, maps, topics on Tudor history, chronologies and glossaries.
Other features of the site include a mailing list, links, bibliography,
extracts from primary sources and a monthly newsletter. The site
has got a clear structure to it and there is a search engine to
aid navigation. The site is being developed further with future
plans available on the site. This site provides a useful starting
point for details of Tudor history.
Elizabeth
This web site on Queen Elizabeth I is published
in conjunction with the National Maritime Museum exhibition celebrating
the 400th anniversary of the last Tudor monarch's death. The site
is very easy to navigate, and provides a large amount of information
on Elizabeth I's life and reign. The site is split into chapters,
dealing with Elizabeth's life chronologically, and there are also
additional resources in the form of a glossary and a select bibliography
of texts and web sites. The chapters cover the following topics,
Young Elizabeth, which looks at her early life and experiences,
with events such as the Seymour Scandal, Elizabeth's England, which
discusses the changes she made, with measures like the Elizabethan
religious settlement, and The Queen's Court, which explores Tudor
life, entertainment, and the Sumptuary Laws. Following these there
is Elizabeth's Adventurers that looks at sixteenth century English
overseas ambitions, Representing the Queen, which discusses the
image Elizabeth created, and the importance of imagery and symbolism
in her portraiture, and Threats to the Crown, which explores the
domestic and foreign hostility she faced from Mary Queen of Scots
and Spain. The final chapter Elizabeth's Final Years describes the
Queen's relationships with the Earl of Essex and Robert Cecil, and
the end of the Tudor line. All of the texts are accompanied by good
illustrations, and the web site as a whole provides a comprehensive
introduction to Queen Elizabeth I's reign.
Elizabeth
I (1553-1603)
This web site on the Tudor monarch Queen Elizabeth
I is published by an enthusiast, and offers a number of useful resources
on this sixteenth century English queen. The site is divided into
a number of chapters, offering a biography, images of Elizabeth,
many of them painted by Nicholas Hilliard, scholarly articles, and
the full text of Elizabeth I's writing, including poems, speeches,
and letters. In addition to these, there is a section of additional
sources that links to material on other web sites, and a book list.
This last section provides quite an extensive list of titles concerning
Elizabeth I, helpfully divided into different categories, with links
to the online bookseller Amazon for those wishing to purchase copies.
The
Great Seal of Elizabeth I
The Great Seal of Elizabeth I is an online exhibition,
and is part of The National Archives Virtual Museum Millennium Exhibitions.
Using Queen Elizabeth I's Great Seal as its point of focus, one
of the many Elizabethan artefacts held by The National Archives,
this site provides a range of resources for those researching the
history of this Tudor monarch. The exhibition features a short biography
of Elizabeth I's life, portraits of the Queen, a look at her clothing,
and descriptions of her appearance and character by contemporaries,
as well as the central section about her second Great Seal engraved
by Nicholas Hilliard. In addition to this there are extracts from
some of her letters and speeches, accompanied by facsimile images
of the original documents held at the National Archives. This is
by no means a comprehensive site, but it does provide access to
some fascinating primary source material and a great deal of interesting
information about Queen Elizabeth I.
The
life and times of Queen Elizabeth I
This web site has been created by a postgraduate
student of Elizabethan history, with the aim of providing educational
information on the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The content is aimed
at the general public rather than academic scholars and as a result
provides a narrative history useful for those wanting to obtain
an overview of late sixteenth century England and the life of Elizabeth
Tudor. The site is divided into several chapters that deal with
various aspects of Elizabeth I's life and reign. The chapters cover
topics such as Elizabeth's life as a princess, her wardrobe, offers
of marriage, the Elizabethan religious settlement, Mary Queen of
Scots, government in the sixteenth century, European relations,
and the Spanish Armada. Also included are a timeline, bibliographies,
online articles and an interactive educational game.
Modern
history sourcebook: Queen Elizabeth I of England
This site is taken from Paul Halsall's excellent
web site Internet Modern History Sourcebook, which has been devised
to provide free online access to primary source texts. This particular
section of the sourcebook provides a selection of Elizabeth I's
writing and speeches, spanning the years of her reign, from 1558
until 1603. Seven extracts have been selected, and they include
the response to a parliamentary delegation on her marriage, a speech
on religion, the response to King Erik of Sweden's marriage proposal,
another later response to a parliamentary delegation on her marriage,
another later speech on religion, her response to the Polish Ambassador
who had criticised her actions in regards to the Spanish monarchy,
and her famous 'farewell' Golden Speech to parliament in 1601. This
is a useful resource for those studying Tudor and Elizabethan history.
The
Union of the Crowns 1603-2003 (The 400th anniversary of the union
of the crowns )
This web site on the uniting of the English and
Scottish crowns in 1603 was created using educational resources
at SCRAN and RLS. It offers a facility to search for documents and
resources in SCRAN's catalogues, and also useful reference resources.
Looking primarily at the Stuart dynasty, the site uses a range of
resources to tell the story of James VI's accession as James I of
England, and the establishment of Great Britain. The backgrounds
of both the Tudor and Stuart dynasties are discussed, and the centuries
of conflict between Scotland and England, with reference to events
such as the Battle of Flodden and the Rough Wooing. There is also
a timeline from 1286 to 1625 that highlights the important events
and individuals present during the three centuries of animosity
between the two nations. The biographies of key individuals, including
Henry VII, Elizabeth I, Mary Queen of Scots, James VI, John Knox
and George Buchanan, are also available. In addition there is a
list of Scottish sites with royal associations, such as Dunfermline
Palace and Stirling Castle.
James
VI and I (1566-1625)
This web site is about King James VI and I, the
Stuart monarch who brought the English and Scottish crowns together
in 1603. The site is authored and published by an enthusiast, and
provides reference material and primary and secondary resources
on this British ruler. The site is split into five sections, Life,
Works, Essays, More and Books. Life provides a biography of James,
whilst Works offers transcripts of his writings, including A Counterblaste
to Tobacco, speeches, edicts and sonnets. Essays provides access
to a handful of academic essays concerned with this monarch, and
More houses links to further resources, including more biographies,
images, analysis of his writings, and additional primary source
material. The Books section is a short bibliography of titles concerning
James VI and I, with links to Amazon for those who wish to purchase
copies.
Gunpowder
Plot Society
The Gunpowder Plot Society was founded by a group
of historians and genealogists to provide a forum for research into
this historical event. The web site is well laid out and provides
a large amount of information on the catholic Gunpowder Plot to
blow up the Houses of Parliament and King James VI/I. The site features
a substantial account of the plot, with lengthy biographies about
each of the thirteen men involved in the plot, and other relevant
individuals such as Lord Monteagle and Robert Cecil. There is also
a transcription of The King's Book, the Crown's official, and undeniably
biased, account published in November 1605. The site also contains
another forty transcribed primary source documents relevant to the
case, including letters, acts and proclamations made by Elizabeth
I and James VI/I, the much debated Monteagle Letter, and the writings,
examinations and confessions of some of the plotters, including
material relevant to Guy Fawkes, Thomas Wintour, Robert Wintour,
Francis Tremane, Robert Catesby, and Thomas Bates. These texts can
be viewed online, or downloaded into an easy print version for offline
viewing. In addition to these resources the site also offers a bibliography,
a list of links, and general information about the Gunpowder Plot
Society.
What
if the Gunpowder Plot had succeeded?
This web site on the Gunpowder Plot of 1605
is part of the BBC History web site. The main article by Professor
Ronald Hutton raises a counterfactual question about what may have
happened in England if Robert Catesby's plot had been successful,
suggesting the effects it may have had on the monarchy, government,
English society and relations with Europe. In addition to this there
are a number of supporting resources, including two essays that
look at the events of the Gunpowder Plot. The first considers the
context in which the plot developed, namely the treatment of Catholics
in Tudor England, and the effect it the failed plot had on the lives
of the Catholic minority on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
The second article concentrates on the plot itself and its main
participants, Robert Catesby, Guy Fawkes, Thomas Wintour and Thomas
Percy, and their subsequent arrests and prosecution for high treason.
Also available is a good interactive game, a timeline of events,
and a biography of James VI and I.
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