The history of
imperialism is covered extensively on the world wide
web. The sites listed below have been selected to demonstrate
some of the high quality resources available. Meanwhile,
History
On-Line provides links to evaluated history web sites
across a comprehensive range of subjects.
Some history gateways provide
links to material relating to the history of imperialism.
An excellent starting point for locating history web
sites is by searching on Humbul
Humanities Hub. Humbul provides fully evaluated and
annotated links to quality history web sites. The IHR,
as part of the History On-Line project, evaluates history
web sites for Humbul and it is these descriptions, together
with records from other Humbul contributors, that appear
below.
Asia,
Pacific & Africa Collections
The British Library's Asia, Pacific
and Africa Collections web site provides a synopsis of
the historical materials available in the library concerning
Asian and North African countries, and their relations
with European nations. Central to this collection is
material from the India Office Library and Records, which
covers British involvement in India, from the East India
Company through to the India Office, and also contains
documents concerning Pakistan, Burma, Bangladesh, Iran
and the Gulf States, South Africa, St. Helena, Malaysia,
Singapore, Indonesia, China and Japan. The site also
provides information about other available materials
including, the oriental language collection, European
printed books, prints, drawings and photographs, genealogical
resources, electronic resources, and a selection of sources
on Asian experiences in Britain, from the seventeenth
to the twentieth century. Contact details and descriptions
of individual collections can also be found on the site.
BBCi
History: The British Empire
This BBCi History website, The British
Empire, provides a number of useful essays and resources
on the Britain's imperial and colonial history. The focus
is on a handful of topics, namely British India, aspects
of Commonwealth history, and general overviews of Britain's
colonial acquisitions. Essay subjects range from the
British Empire in 1815, Trade and the British Empire,
to the American Revolution, Slavery and Economy in Barbados,
and British India Before and After the Great Rebellion
of 1857. The articles have been written by key historians
of the Empire, and the authors include Andrew Porter,
Kenneth Morgan and Peter Marshall. Other topics covered
include researching Caribbean family history, and the
contribution of Commonwealth troops to the First and
Second World War efforts.
BoondocksNet.com
BoondocksNet.com is a useful and extensive
resource for students and teachers of history and literature.
Edited by Jim Zwick, the site focuses on anti-imperialism,
and takes its name from the Tagalog (Filipino) word "bundok",
meaning mountain. The term "Boondocks" was used by the
American military during the Philippine-American War,
and referred to mountainous areas in which Filipino resistance
fighters were based.
BoondocksNet.com features a comprehensive
Mark Twain Web site, as well as sites on the Congo Reform
Movement and on the Phillipine-American war. Other subjects
include: Anti-imperialism in the United States; Mark
Twain on war and imperialism; Rudyard Kiplings "The White
Man's Burden"; the American labour movement; the campaign
to end child labor; responses to Edward Markham's 1899
poem "The man with the hoe"; and "Stereoscopic Visions
of War and Empire". Important historical texts and documents
are accessible, and there are extensive online exhibits
of political cartoons, photographs and wartime posters.
The pop-up and flashing advertisements may be distracting.
British
Documents on the End of Empire
The Web site for the "British Documents
at the End of Empire Project" (BDEEP) is published by
the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced
Study, University of London. This site is of interest
to those carrying out research on or studying Colonial
history, or twentieth century history or politics. There
are three series of publications, taking advantage of
largely unpublished materials from the offical archives
of the Public Record Office (PRO).
The aim has been to locate and analyse
key documentation charting shifts in the political, social
and economic policies of a range of officials from British
ministers, to colonial administrators. The project addresses
the numerous topics influenced by the Empire such as:
race relations; cultures; nationalisms; independence;
and concepts of Empire and Commonwealth.
The Web site provides information on
the three series of materials in the process of publication.
Series A consists of general volumes of British government
document relating to the British Empire. Series B contains
volumes of materials arranged geographically, and Series
C (complete at the time of cataloguing) provides archival
guides to sources deposited at the PRO. The volumes of
each series is listed with full bibliographical data
and an abstract. This project received funding from the
Arts and Humanities Research Board (AHRB) within the
Research Grants scheme.
(Record courtesy of Humbul)
The
British Empire
This web site, created by an enthusiast,
is devoted to the history of the British Empire, and
offers a range of material dealing with Britain's colonial
past. The site is split into several sections, and covers
various aspects of the British Empire, from the armed
forces to art, culture and science. Also available are
maps, useful timelines, which record Britain's activities
alongside world events and developments in the arts and
sciences, articles, biographies and a bibliography. At
present the site is particularly strong on the cultural
impact of the existence of the British Empire, as Professor
John MacKenzie has contributed a lot of material on this
subject. The site does not actually focus on the history
of any individual countries, and there is little attention
paid to decolonisation and the end of empire. Instead
the focus is much more on the structures of empire, like
the armed forces, and the experience of individuals.
The
British Empire - The National Archives Learning Curve
The British Empire is an interactive
exhibition published by the National Archives Learning
Curve. The content is divided into three galleries, which
cover the rise of the British Empire in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries, life in the British Empire,
and its end in the twentieth century. In each gallery
there is a set of digitised primary sources, including
maps, letters, images and documents, published with background
information and questions designed to help users engage
with and analyse the sources. The exhibition has been
designed with school-age learners in mind, and the interactive
quizzes and worksheets highlight this. However the quality
of the exhibition and its resources makes it a valuable
site for users at all educational levels.
British
Empire and Commonwealth Museum
The web site is for the Bristol based
British Empire and Commonwealth Museum, Britain's first
major museum dedicated to the nation's colonial past.
The museum documents 500 years of imperial and Commonwealth
history, from John Cabot's voyage to Newfoundland in
1497 to the legacies of Empire in Britain today. The
site does not publish any online exhibitions, but provides
information about the main galleries at the museum, Britain
builds an empire, 1480-1800, the rise of Victoria's empire,
1800-1900, and the End of empire, 1900 to the present.
The web site also contains information about the museum's
archives, which holds a range of resources including
photographs, books, periodicals, artefacts, and uniforms
and clothing, as well as museum publications, and the
educational resources available for schools.
British
Empire Studies
British Empire Studies is an online
portal for historians of colonial and imperial history,
containing a number of resources to aid research and
study. The site is published by an academic historian
whose research interests focus primarily on Britain's
imperial history. It is comprised of five sections -
the first section, Resources for Imperial and Colonial
History, lists links to webs sites for museums, libraries,
archives, institutes and universities, conferences, journals,
bibliographies, mailing lists and other online British
Empire resources. Also available on the site is a research
directory of academics working in this field, a selection
of recommended books, a British Empire mailing list and
email discussion group, and a brief introduction to the
history of the British Empire.
Centre
for the Study of Britain and its Empire
This Web site presents the genesis,
fellows and current programmes of the Centre for the
Study of Britain and its Empire at the University of
Southampton. The fellows list links to the homepage of
each individual, the conferences and seminars lists include
links to the appropriate event pages where available,
and the description of current postgraduate study options
includes links to pages offering more details about the
programmes themselves and all available scholarships.
The main page also includes less obvious
links to three searchable on-line databases, namely the
Wellington Papers Database, the Palmerston Papers Database
and the Mountbatten Papers Database - all three based
on materials to be found in the special collections of
the University of Southampton Libraries. To access these
databases, click on the relevant portrait to be found
on the right-hand side of the page, or follow the link
to 'archival and printed material' that leads to the
Special Collections main page and can be found in the
body of the introductory text.
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Alina Ghimpu-Hague)
Classics
of American Colonial History
Classics of American Colonial History
is a web site that reproduces articles and book chapters
now out of copyright in the USA (i.e. published before
1923) dealing with America's colonial past. Essays may
be browsed by author or by subject area. Subjects include
administration, slavery, economics, immigration, law,
religion, and so forth. New material is scanned, edited,
and added to the site on a regular basis. The text reproductions
are clear and well presented, maintaining original page
numbering. The few editorial emendations that have been
made are clearly indicated in red. The site welcomes
useful comments on the accuracy of the sources and the
validity of their conclusions. Such comments are posted
as addenda to the documents, along with their contributor's
name and qualifications.
(Courtesy of Humbul)
Documenting
a Democracy : Australia's Story
Documenting a Democracy is an online
exhibition that traces the development of Australian
democracy through key constitutional documents. Published
by the National Archives of Australia in partnership
with the country's eight governments, the site offers
a comprehensive introduction to Australia's constitutional
history, from 1768-1995. The site can be navigated in
a number of ways, and probably the best of these is to
follow the pathways section, where digitised documents
are arranged according to four topics, foundation, building,
freedom, and land. Alternatively users can follow links
from the timeline, or click on the map of Australia to
access documents specific to the individual states. There
is also a stylish picture gallery, which links historical
photographs with documents.
History
of Ghana
This History of Ghana is published
on the Ghana.co.uk site, which provides a social and
cultural forum for the Ghanaian community online. The
section on history is narrative, and covers Ghana from
ancient times, through colonial rule, to independence
in the twentieth century. The chapters featured are Ancient
Ghana, Land and People, Tribes, Religion, Pre-Colonial
Period, Slave Trade, The Gold Coast, Colonial Rule in
Ghana, Indepedence, Ghana 1960-71, Ghana 72-79, and Ghana
1982-87. The content is well presented and easily navigated
and has largely been taken from BBC History, the Library
of Congress, or A History of Ghana by F. K. Buah. In
addition to this largely political and economic chronological
history, there is also a timeline, pieces on the history
of fabric and fashion, and biographies of Ghanaian presidents.
The
Imperial Archive : a site dedicated to the study of literature,
imperialism, postcolonialism
The Imperial Archive explores the British
idea of 'Empire' through a range of literary works produced
in the 19th century, as well as the effects of British
colonialism on 20th century texts produced in the former
colonies.
The project covers six geographical
regions: Australia, India, Ireland, Nigeria, Canada,
and the Caribbean. Each region is presented through a
number of shorter essays, bibliographies, and links to
related sites.
This is a unique research project,
part of an archive "which is the first of its kind in
the British Isles." The texts are authored by MA students
on a Modern Literature Studies course at Queen's University,
Belfast.
The project forms an integral part
of the 'Literature, Imperialism, Postcolonialism' course
and the materials, presented to the supervisor before
publishing on the Internet, are assessed as course work.
A link to an article in Computers&Texts
gives a detailed description of how the project was implemented.
An inspiring project, both because of the quality of
materials presented and because of demonstrating how
students can be involved in authoring original work and
publishing it over the Net.
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Emilia Slavova)
Land
Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth
Land Forces of Britain, the Empire
and Commonwealth is a comprehensive website aiming to
bring together all online resources pertaining to land
forces of territories and successor states that were
at any time part of the British Empire or Commonwealth.
The site is of value to historians, military historians
and those interested in tracing genealogy. Resources
concerning particular regiments offers information on
the historical placing of a certain regiment and its
place in the overall military structure. The regimental
pages cover every regiment of the Empire and Commonwealth
which has a webpage and includes information such as:
battle honours; colonels; badges; and wars and battles
involved in. Resources covering the nations of the Empire
and Commonwealth give exhaustive links to information
covering: main government sites; military journals; wars;
biographies of senior military personnel; uniforms; medals;
flags; museums; historical societies; and other web catalogues
concerning the military history of those countries. The
site is undergoing continuous development.
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Ms Joanne O'Shea)
Letters
and Journals relating to the Church Missionary Society
mission to Wellington Valley New South Wales 1830-40
This web site, from the University
of Newcastle Australia, provides access to primary source
material relating to the Church Missionary Society's
mission to the Wiradjuri people of Wellington Valley,
New South Wales in 1830-1845. The Wellington Valley project
aims to make a full critical edition of the records created
by the missionaries available, both in electronic and
print format. The web site currently provides access
to the journals and letters of four missionaries: J.C.S.
Handt, 1830-43; William Watson, 1832-50; James Günther,
1837-42; William Porter, 1838-41.
As well as providing access to letters
and diaries the site has an image gallery providing access
to a number of nineteenth century paintings of the Wellington
Valley. A list of links are maintained on the site. These
cover sources for aboriginal studies in New South Wales,
historical text sites, mission sites and religion sites.
Information about the project is also available from
the web site
Manas
History and Politics of India
This web site on Indian history has
been written by an academic at the University of California,
Los Angeles. It covers centuries of Indian history, with
chapters on ancient and medieval India, as well as on
British India and independence. Most of the focus of
the site is on India during its colonial past and twentieth
century independence, with detailed chapters on British
India, Gandhi, social and political movements, independent
India and current affairs. The content is narrative,
and provides a well-written introduction to many topics
of Indian history. Accompanying the chapters are biographies
of key figures, book reviews, and bibliographies.
Matthew
Flinders Project
This Project celebrates the bicentenary
of Matthew Flinders' epic circumnavigation of Australia
in the ship 'Investigator', 1801-1803. On this voyage,
the shape of the Australian continent was defined. Flinders
became a passionate advocate for the name Australia to
be applied to the whole continent. The Matthew Flinders
Project is based at the Mitchell Library, State Library
of New South Wales, Australia. It is an electronic archive
of the personal papers of Matthew Flinders - his journals,
letters, diary and memorabilia - with archival material
presented to the Mitchell Library by Sir W. M. Flinders
Petrie, Flinder's grandson and himself a famous Egyptologist.
There are small images of artefacts such as Flinders'
maps and uniforms, as well as a biography of Matthew
Flinders (1774-1814) and others including Sir Joseph
Banks (1743-1820), and Bungaree (died 1830) an Aboriginal
who accompanied Flinders' and other voyages around Australia.
The first item from the personal papers held in the Mitchell
Library, to be made available online both in facsimile
and in annotated transcription, is Matthew Flinders'
journal from the 'Norfolk' sloop of July-August 1799.
There is an attractive range of navigation options to
view the brief transcript and full transcript (both with
extensive footnotes) and the facsimile of the journal:
click on a calendar for these two months to read Flinders'
entry for that day in 1799; click on a list of numbered
pages of the journal (1-42) to follow the facsimile;
and click on points on an attractive compass-rose to
toggle between the two transcripts and the reproduction
of the journal page itself, as well as 'back' to the
home page.
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Mr Alun Edwards)
Our
Journey Together
This web exhibition published by Archives
New Zealand looks at the history of citizenship in New
Zealand, from the Treaty of Waitangi in the nineteenth
century, through to the 1948 British Nationality and
New Zealand Citizenship Act, and beyond to the late twentieth
century. The site is divided into eight chapters illustrated
with digitised images of primary source materials, including
a wealth of government documents, photographs and posters.
The chapters cover the first years of British settlement
in, the legal status of married women, minors, lunatics
and idiots, the development of a national identity, and
the experience of particular immigrant groups in New
Zealand, including Samoans, Japanese, Chinese and Indians.
Also covered are alien and naturalisation acts, the process
of becoming a citizen in the past and today, case studies
of immigrants who became citizens, and the issues surrounding
the 1948 Citizenship Act.
Political
discourse: theories of colonialism and postcolonialism
This website is concerned with theories
of colonialism and post colonialism, and is part of a
larger web site dealing with English post colonial and
post imperial literature. Developed by Professor George
Landow of Brown University, the site provides a useful
reference guide for those studying post colonialism and
imperial history. As its title suggests, this web site
is primarily concerned with the theories surrounding
its subject, rather than the experiences in individual
countries. The contents of the site have been split into
eight sections. Firstly, Themes and Issues, which provides
introductions to key themes along with essays and articles,
Theorists, which gives an outline of the stance of key
theorists in the field, Terms, a selective glossary of
words and phrases used in the post colonial discussion,
and Gender Matters, which features essays on the role
of gender in the post colonial debate. In addition to
this there is Historical Contexts, which provides the
political and historical background to postcolonial themes
and individual countries, Symbol and Image, which explores
the motifs of the subject, and an extensive Bibliography.
Lastly, there is a Conferences and Events section, where
the details and papers of past conferences can be found,
along with calls for papers and information about forthcoming
events. i
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Mr Stuart Allen)
The
Story of Africa
Designed to compliment the British
Broadcasting Corporation's (BBC) news reporting, articles,
and publications on the African continent, "The Story
of Africa" provides a comprehensive multi-media introduction
to African culture and its entire history. With contributions
from an array of academics from around the world and
recordings of historical broadcasts from major African
figures, the site describes a host of major political
and social events beginning with early nomadic and agricultural
communities up to, and including, the political movements
for African independence from colonial powers.
Students who work their way through
these pages will find themselves quickly orientated and
introduced to the major events in African history. The
sections on Islam, Christianity and traditional religions
will especially please those interested in religious
development on this continent. Each describes the arrival
and progress of these belief systems, as well as the
distinctive features, practices and their interactions
with various political and secular arenas. Within in
the sub-sections to "The Story of Africa" users will
also find helpful links and bibliographies, as well as
excerpts from audio broadcasts previously transmitted
by BBC radio.
(Courtesy of Humbul
- Mr Jeff Dubberley)
Signatories
to the Treaty of Waitangi
The Signatories of the Treaty of Waitangi
web site is based on the book The Treaty of Waitangi
by Claudia Orange, and is published by the New Zealand
Ministry of Culture and Heritage as part of their online
history project NZHistory.net.nz. The site is primarily
concerned with the identification of the numerous signatories
of the 1840 Waitangi Treaty between the British and the
Maoris, and the different versions of the treaty that
exist. Each copy of the treaty - the Waitangi copy, the
Manukau-Kawhia copy, the Waikato-Manukau copy, the printed
copy, the Tauranga copy, the Bay of Plenty (Fedarb) copy,
the Herald-Bunbury copy, the Henry Williams copy, and
the East Coast copy - is dealt with individually, with
introductory notes, an image of the original, and a transcription
of the original. Also on the site are an introduction
to the history of the Treaty of Waitangi, relevant maps,
and links to related web sites.
Subaltern
Studies : working bibliography
This simple site, compiled by two academics
at Georgetown University, provides a bibliography of
books and articles relating to Subaltern Studies, and
imperial and post-colonial history. The bibliography
covers Subaltern Studies volumes and anthologies, monographs,
related essays and criticism, book reviews, and the tables
of contents for volumes I-IX of the Subaltern Studies
series published by Oxford University Press. Most of
the titles listed are concerned with the social, political
and cultural history of 'subaltern' groups in South Asian,
and primarily colonial Indian, history. There is also
reference to the extension of Subaltern Studies to other
post-colonial societies such as Africa, and works that
cover the historiography of this field.
We
Were There
The Ministry of Defence launched the
We Were There Exhibition in November 2000, and this companion
web site details the history and experiences of ethnic
minorities from the British Empire and Commonwealth in
the British Armed Forces over the past two hundred years.
Men and women from all over the British Empire and Commonwealth
are included, and while the focus is primarily on the
First World War and the Second World War, conflicts from
the nineteenth century up until the late twentieth century
are also covered. The exhibition does not just cover
those who saw active service, but also those who worked
in essential support services, such as medicine, transport,
logistics and labour, and the funds and supplies that
have been provided by individual countries in support
of war efforts. There is also a section on the military
decorations and medals awarded to personnel from the
Empire and Commonwealth. This exhibition is a useful
starting point for anyone wanting to find out more about
the minorities who have served in the British Armed Forces,
and provides a great deal of interesting information.
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Photo reproduced with permission
from the Caribbean Foundation. |